Releases / 2 / DOW-UAP-D017

UAP Reported at Sandia Base, 1948-1950

File

DOW-UAP-D017

Type

Document, 116 pages

Agency

Department of War

Date

1948-1950

Place

New Mexico

Released

Release 2, May 22, 2026

Open the original on war.gov

The government's description

This file contains 116 pages of documentation from the Armed Forces Special Weapons Program (AFSWP) – the direct, post-World War II successor to the Manhattan Project – and from the U.S. Air Force – relating to a series of sightings and investigations in Sandia, New Mexico, from 1948-1950. This file contains 209 sightings of “green orbs,” “discs,” and “fireballs” reported near the military base. Witnesses reported unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) maneuvering, flying out of sight, disappearing, or exploding. The documents also include the results of contemporary investigations into residual copper powder found in some areas where sightings were reported. A few of these investigations became the basis for Project Grudge, which collected reports of unidentified flying objects from various other military installations – also included in this collection.

HEt\DQUARTEP..S • DETACHMENT D
1100TH USAF SPECUL REPORTING GROUP
Campbell Mr Force Base
Camp Campbell. Kentucky
7 April 1949

~?>'2.>,,
SUBJECT:

Security :E:nspection

TOt

Commanding General
Sandia Base
Albuquerque, New Mexico

\

)

~o

lo'

Q,0~

~4

1. Reference is made to secret letter. your headquarters. dated
1 April 1949• Subjects Security Inspection.
2. a. Guard Orders have been amended directing that the elec­
tric gate be closed between 1700 hours until 0700 hours the following
day.
b. Looks have repl~ced the bolts in all inspection access
gates in the outer fence.
c.

Inspection ports on both bridges are now pr ovided with

locks .

'

d. The final draft of our alert plan has been reviewed and
will be published and distributed for study to operating personnel.
It is desired to point out that the alert plan is incomplete . !.
stockpile custodian has not been assigned here; his part in the alert
plan has been outlined only. Furthermore, since the 11th Airborne
Division is not in place yet, only temporary arrangements for defense
have been made. Final form of the overall alert plan will be sub­
mitted to your headquarters for approval as soon as conditions will
allow. ·1n the interim period. it is felt that the temporary alert
plan we have prepared is adequate. A copy of this pl an will be dis­
patched to your headquarters in the near future.
e.

!11 jeep radios are now installed in jeeps.

r. ~lthough not entirely satisfactory. radio oom.munioation
with the Camp Campbell Military Police has been in effect for sometime and was in effect at the time of the Security inspection. .Pe~­
manent arrangements for radio communication with Camp Campbell Military
Police are de l ayed panding the arrival of radio frequency crystals
that fit the Milit ary Police net frequency.

Short Ti tle -~-:L~-=-~--=---~/_f­
NND 58378

SHORT TI~ f f h B I

, ~
I
V
,.,., ..,
..;
•
SUBJECTs
.
-
# , series__
' .,
ww
o . ..2.::pages, copy /
7 April 194.9
Security Inspection
g. Pressure has been exerted to get the Pos t 'Ehgineers to
keep the dra.inage system. clear and to take measures to check the ero­
sion. These efforts will be continued but li t tle progress on erosion
control can b e expected until the rains diminish. Ditches have been
filled, dirt moved and replaced, native gras s es planted, but the rains
return too soon and much of the effort invested is therefore wasted.
Plans a.re prepared f or an interim erosin control effort, and a stud;y
is being ma.de to estinate the cost of resloping the cuts in order
that the rainfall mq be drained with less damaging results. Initial
estimates run in the neighborhood of twenty thousand dollars (t20,ooo.oo).
3. With the exception of halting the erosixm, all deficiencies
listed in the security inspection report have been cleared away. It
is therefore requested that the monthly report of action taken re­
quired by cited letter be discontinued.
/(~4/./?L_
RICHARD TI' KLIN.!!i
Lt Col, USAF
Commanding
NND 58378
~

SEGRET
•
HEADQUARTERS
SANDIA BASE
Albuquerque, New Mexico
AFSWP
CLASSIFIED DOCUMENTS LIBRARY
Fl LE NO. 45~. S-
~·o ¥
SUBJECT: ll'T.- ;,J)..o;y
e:i:
NND 58378

10 August 1949

Dr. L1nooln ~
InDtituta of 'Meteoritics
University of New Mexico
Albuqu.erquo , N. :t:.
Doar l.1ncoln:

I a::n lnclos1ng two copies or the report you asked tor, fllld hope
that they oerve their purpose.
\'lo Jiave mado a preliminary ez:eminntion ot tm elghtaon collact1ona
token at nine locatione on my, l!onde.:,• 'l'uesday trip . !lbere was a large
number of coppor- boar1ng pe.rtiolee on one eolleoti on (ll-104L) taken on
Higm1ay 84, seventeen ·m les north ot E1gl:may 66 1 and aoa.ttered occas•
i onal particles throJJ.ghout the series . The collection teken at tho
Blt"lle location imcodi ately' following R- l04L eho'\YD practically no copper.
A 1orge l)art of the n - 104L is of a granular mnterial untamiliar to us , and
, the copper indioat1ona ori,:.inate principal ly 1n l'lhat are e.pparontl'1
aggregations of finely (ona ..meron) granular material of overall sizes
in tho neighborhood of thirty microns. Some cop_per _part! ,lea, hor.ever, appear to be solid nnd o,Paque. The passage of t-, automobiles while
this oollection uas being made is a complicating fe.ctor . It is hard
to aee how they mieht he.Ta been a eourco ot coppor , ho,raver , unlean it
nao a question of stirring up aoI!lo :trom dust on the -pavement.
We intend to do some :1"urther chemi.eal work Tii th theee colloctions ,
but I doubt if muoh nen relevant information 11111 be obtained.
Hy tentative conclusion is that no ~idcspread significant dispersion

or copper- bea't'ine; particles ,vas present in tbe atmoaphere in the rc"ion

covere.:1 at the timo the eollcct1ons wore made. l,o det1nita statel':lcnt
is possible about the one heavy copper collention: i t should be prosumod
to be of local origin until come evidonee to the contrary ic 'found.

~e route at tho collocting trip included Paatura, Santa noaa. , junc­
tion of Routes 66 and 84, ond Las ·Ve.:;aa on J!ondey af'ternoon. On Tuosdey
morning i t included. Las Ve3as , Canonr,1 to , Glorieto. end ecos .

Yours vory truly,

mx,~
o.ttaobments (2)

NND 58378

M

-

'

R/D- tw
8-10 -49

AN AT'l!EMP? 'ro coU.roT AnBCP.NE PAU'ICLES
A'3SOOIA'l'ED fJI'l'iJ THE FIREBALL OF JULY 24 1 1949
By

• n . Oroztor
and

Ben

x. Seely

HBTHOD

A 'fireball was raportad to have pasaod ovor the general noighborhood of
Socorro, Uew Uexi.00 1 at 8:26 p.m. 1 J'uly 24 1 1949. Impaotment equipment , develop9d
in conneation 1a th the sarosol research pro Ject ot the New Mex1 co School of !lines,
was available, and it was decided to make systematic collections ot airborne me.ter­
- iel. in the hope ot obta1nill8 material that could be associated .-1th the t1reball.
For the present report it is suftio1ent to state that the equipnant processed air
at the rate ot about J4 11tera per minute , the particles being separated f'rom the
air by -impactment against en adhesi'f9-coate~ plate in an air jet. Appro:d!natel.y
ninety per cent of airborne particlee with dianeters greater than one micron are
collected.
Tho adheeive used. on the collecting plates (mcroscope slides) waa a glycerin­
gelatin tlixture w1 th an a.dd1tion or rubeanic aeid (dithiooxamide . ) 'l'lus reagent
was used to enable identifioation of copper or copper compounds; it also enables
identification of nickel and cobalt. After ?C:lking the eollaotions , the slides were
covered with e. Saran til::l, after which thoy were exposed to strong aomonia vapor
for r1:tteon Jninutes to effect partial ao lution or any copp_er or copper oxide parti­
el.Gs.

R ESULT S

'?he first oolleotion was made at 10: 00 a . m., .ruly 25, about thirteen and oneThe air wan te.lcen about twelve teet above
ground lovel, on t he Ol!!'.IJ>UO ar the School ot Uines. Tho first run was i'or three min- ,
utes , ll['COosaing cbout 102 liters of air . Sevoro.l large particles wero :round in it
that gave J)ositiva co pe.r teats. In at least ono or these the copper reaction was
aeen petore t he cn::mx>ni c tro~ont , indicating the presence 9f at least a trace of a
aoluble copper co~pound. The sizes of particles aoon in tho first oollections ranged
up to over one hundred microns in the largest dimension: the largest particles gave
tho impression o~ bein.g f'r8gl:lents or a so:i:ievm.at f'ibrous material, lli th the smaller
he.lf houra after the fireball was seen.

~~
NND 58378

Page 2
dbension oi" ,the o-rder o~ twnty or thirty .:nicrono. There were no Br:lall partielee,
that 1e, no particles 11'1 th n iruuiml1!11 di?DeXUiion below 15 microns . ,
J'ollmring tho :f'lrat colleotion, ,a dditional oolleotions 1f8re nade , tindor aimi•

1ar conditions. over a period of elght daya .

The aooco.pann,ng table su:n:iarisea the colld1 t1ons and copper counts ror all
tbese collections , including tho first ono described above.
nU!!lbor of the ru.ru,
wero tor periods lor.,;or tfum three minutes , but °'he oouhts have , 1n 'tbeee cases ,
been reduced to the threo-:nnuta equivalent. Olio eolleetion showing oevora.l large
copper indications , tekon J"u~ 25, ia omm:1ttnd fron the to.blo because it was
damaged in courae ot a teai for radioaotivity by exx,osure of a nmlear track plate
(vrith negative reoultn) end a det"inita count oOllld not be made .

The counts are exhibited in tbreo size claeRiflcations, end attention is
directed to tlie :ta.at that particles in the smallest s!ze croup (l to l5 microns)
e::-e practically absent trom the early oollectlona, mil& in the later collectiow,,
particles 1n the largest (.30 mioron.o) 8Ii.d middle (15 to 30 microna} groups have
become cp;i te esoarce. At the same tine, the counto have beccte quite large in tile

:.s:ncllest aizo group.

SIONIFICA~CE

OF

RESULTS

If 1 t were possible to SflY that particles giving a copper test are generally
very rare in eollectione near groimd leTel in this locaJ.lty, the above facts t'.Ould
bo highly s!gni1'1cant. It l1appens , however , that collections have been :-:,ode at
Socorro over only- a short period, and not .muoh e.tten1i1on has been given to !denti­
fica.tion ot copper coJ:lJ)ounds. ::aowever, after the copper indieetions had been round
in the present sories of: collectio•,s, some collections were round on file that hod
been made on plain glycertn- 3aui.tin on july .1,, 1949 . -These r.are oovered ,nth the
Sarun fi-lm and rubeanic eoid C!Jld an::.on1a were appliod by d1 tfusion through tho ·ttlm.
A few copper indications were found, al!nost all the i:e.rtioles being in the 30 micron
size group. Some other co11ection.s were made early 1n ~uly tbo.t will be e::lt8!ninod
tor· 'lopper when they are treed !"roe other tests . lil add1 t1on, oce~ional colloot1ons
will be examined. tor copper in the futll!'e , and 1t may be possible eventually to add
so:neth1ng to tho information now presented.

COllCLUSION6

REGARDING

COPPER

In view Qt the above fa.eta , it i,eem:, very hazardous to draw any: definite con­
clusion associating ~he coppe~- bearioo perticlos collected with the fireball or 1uly
24. Th.are a till is, hwoTer , a residuum or poasitdlity ot such associations men 1 t
is conoidored th c.t partic!.ss ot 1h c smallest s1 ze group did not appear in largo
numbera until some 35 hours at'ter the po.esege of tl;le fireball .

NND 58378

~
,,.~
•
;..=- -
tk-a~~
__
'?ABLB
...,..
---
CountG of Copr,er Partieloa ill Colleetiotu, at Socorro
During Per1o4 lul.:y 25 to August l , 1949
-
ind*
Collec . Timo
Elapsed
Date
Hour
7- 25
10 m..
7- 25
7-26
7- 26
-..
Direction
time
knots
13. 5
NN\i • 9
13. s
'
..
8~
35. 5
"'
lit
tn - 9
lit
'It
2 I'}.{
41. 5
"'
lit
17. 5
Comr Counts
l • 15
15 • .30
YJ.cron
M1c1·on
Range
Range
..
,,
2 Rf
f
(Roduced ~o Particlen per 102 J.itera of' Air)
l
0
' - 7
4
l
2
2
l
0
4
l.
l
0
8
ft)
0
0
0
2
2
~ -2 0 - -::>
'1
'1
"'
"'
30'
.U.cron.s
'
0
0
1
<-22 -->
0
0
0
0
0
"1t
'ft
•
18
7- 27
7:.30
'11. 0
Im • 8
l
'7- 27
1:3() PU
77. 0
.
NR • 6
23
0
0
<ft
8
0
0
"'
"
7-P,8
7:30 AM
.
95.0
r,m, -3
.,.
0
l
<'-28-.>
0
0
'1-29
7: 30 ~
119. 0
s -7
4
0
0
7- 29
4, .,/1,:
127.t>
ESR -10
(f---28-->
0
l
0
0
l
0
l
0
0
0
0
0
7-30
'l• Jl
•
10
"'
10 Rl
"surt'ace
•
SE - 4
l.69. 5
SSE • 5
- ♦
!
"
.
•+
10+ A4
9 : 30
•
14:5. 5
lOf.,JU
8-1
•
19,3. 0
•
•
15
2
8.3
4
•
3
"'
2
.
17
6
N - 6
0
0
0
0
ind recorded by eather Station o.t time nearast collection time .
NND 58378
0

....

Attention is called particularly to the l arao !lumber ot small particles in one
at the 145-l/2-ho-.ir collootione. The actual nl.I!lber in the colle'ltion was 140 , tor
the r ive-oinute run. l.!ost of these l'lere in the size range of' tTJO to f1 ve microns •
and the principal difficulty in assoctattnc them 111 th the fireball is that a five­
micron par\1cle cannot tall J!lUOh more tho.n l0 ,000 foot in 145. 5 hom-s. These part1olea could have ccr:ie down from a greater height only it' sol:!& downward motion hfld
tc.k:en place in port of the a1r 1nvolvet.

It s hould be oant ioned. that collections were t aken during t be at'ternoon of Ju13'
27, at several pointa eouth end east ot Socorro , tbs fartb.eot being near Binche:a.
These oolleotions ocntainod pcrtiole~ giving copper indications , the :particles being
i n tho •a;?¥!) range ot sizes as those collected in Socorro at about the &a.":le ti'C'.b.
It is perhaps noteworthy that the cop_per- boari ng particles 1n all these collec­
tlona were of opaque material. I.oat ot the co:;,per minerals tbat h uve previouslycome to our attention 1n collection• rrom the air have been oolored material, blue ,
green, red, or yellow.

C OBALT

AND

NICKEL

TESTS

In the 2 t00 J.l•
coll~ct i on of J"ul.y 26, three qui te re:::iarkable particles were
found that save very strong coba1t indications . The particles were apparently por­
:reot spheres (at l east thoy were pori'eetly circul.ar in cross section), twelve mic­
ro!ls in diameter. The reaction with rube anie e.eid , after at!nOnia trentmant , pi•o­
dueed a dense yellow-ten halo, eixty microns 1n diameter. The color v.ao not quite
so clear es with pure cobalt: the e.ppearance sU;;gestin.g e. high-cobalt com,vosition
with so~ metal. prosont. Such particles are quite uniqne i n the axporionce or the
present. , It' these particles wore of meteoritic orictn they cw ld, in tho absence
of verticul oir IJOV«llSnt , have f'al:len a d1stO!loo of the oi·der ot 20, 000 feet 1n an
i nterval or 41. 5 houra .

Two particlse giT1ns nickel indication.swore round. ~ a is quite nomvl , llo ,­
It anything, the number is smaller than x::ight have been expected in material
of aurt'aoe ori<;in. The collections ware not given acid treatnent: additional nickel
indieations might h &Te been 'i'ound it t his had been done.

ever.

A

oUOGEB TION

hile the r&aul.ta o!' the present investiga:Uou ahould be recarded as negatt -vo
or, inoonolusive, it i s desired to call attention to the faet that a coan.s ia at hand
that obould r..al:a .PQAsiblo a definite demonetration of tho presence or absonoe ot cop­
per :particl es asaod.ated with events or the July 24th type .

rartlo l.e collectlon equipment , operating on the s .:mie principle as that used in
the i:resont inTestigat1on, and der;igned tor airple::ie installation, is on hand and
1te suco&esful operation has been dooonstrated in numeroll s sligh:ta. Provision
NND 58378

......

..,,,,,, t

..

could easily be made ror quickly nountins this equi~ent in an airplane cap&ble ot
o.s~enaing above the 40 ,000- toot l evsl, wllieh couli teke otr soon otter an event ot
the J'uly 24th kind, and fly a pattern that would ineludo n itl:. reasonable certainty
sO"C!e or the nateriol originating at the neteor u-ajectory. A g_uiek approximate
deteroination of the tTejeetory wo11ld be required , of course, Wld 1f winds aloft
wore or considerable strength 1 t muld b& nocaseary to make due allowance tor ttlc:t:1
1n planning the :f lie}lt.

UOT

ADDED <l-l AWUS1' 10 1 1949 :

Ao this report ,1aa being 1'1n1shea, an ntte:ipt naa :oade c.t on. airplane oollection
1'ollOm.ng the event o~ uzust 6 . The oolloetins eguiPmQnt ,1as installod in a B- 25
from Kirtland Field nnd on the o.f'to:::-noon or .~ugust 8 , a flight wao ,u1e l!.«lich a was

hoped m18ht intercept somo of t he meteoritic material.

An Interval or 41 hours had pussed before the take-oft , and the :ma:dnu.n alt1•
tudo roached waa 2.3,000 i"eet. A rough attenpt was :!lade to include air tho.t wae
under the trajoctory, but distanl'}eo or sevoral hundred miles nore involved. A few
oopI,>o:..~ ind:!cations were obtained, but they seemed definitely to be associated mth
material of surface oricin. l,o nickel or cobalt indications were ~ound. AD. 0lcJ1or­
ate stud.7, which m.tq require more upper a ir data than ls available, should be oude
before 1 t is decided metber or not the t'lieht di a aotue.1ly include air that 8hould

have borne FOrticles trcm tho etoor trajectory.

NND 58378

•'

e

'1'0:

Colonel Doyle Rees

FROU:

Lincoln 1ePas

SUDJ"EnTs

Momaloua J.uminous Phenomona.

Au,..i:rust 17, 1949

Sixth Report {attempts to colleci volatili­

sation woduots trom ~en fireballs)

(1)
In an earlier repori it has boen pointed out ihat in spite ot eir SDd
ground searoha 1n early February elong tlle nll detem.1nad earth-trace ot the
green nreball ot 1949, ianue.ry 30th no :tregmenta of this ti:roball were recovered.
'l'here re::iatnod the _poso1t1li ty "that tbia fireball had been so ooopletely
Tolatilizod during tl1sht that oaly tine dnat !'ram it filtered down thru the
atmosph&re. S1noe, fo::- several reasons, 1 t eeerced ~ore probable that a uoh dust
would consist chiefly or copper or a copper alloy rattier than ot the ferro•
magnetic aubstanoes found for ordintn-7 metoorites . the oethodo habitually enployed
by metooritic1ots fo1" the c olleetion at •come duat• ( separation ot the dust
trom the air by uBO or eleetroI:Ja.Gllets or permanent magnets) muld not be appropri­
ate tor use in conj]_eet ion with tho s;reon i'ireballo. It was there.tore decided to
cn11nt th~ aid ot Dr. illiwn Orozier , \-d':l.o waa knownto 1'.ave developed a novel
1mpactu~.•.; duat collector f'or UDe o_n the ABrosol Projoct or tho li'ew l!enoo School
of' l!ines. (Tho 'Wr1 ter hed bean elo.:sely aasooiated, in 1943-44, with Dr. Orosier
at Km1 JJenco Proving Grounds mile .orking on saboted. and prorlm11;y fuoed shells
and kne\7 ·that ho hrsi aat1sf'e.ctory clearance.) Dr. OrozJ.er not onJ.y agreed to partio1pnte in a cround- 1.ovel search ~or dust pos~lbly put doun by the f'irebe.ll of' ~anuary ,30th, but mede the valuablll sugeeation that dust oollect1oll.6 be made on plene

flights routod bti.ek and rorth at high altitudes through the air benoath green
t'1reball paths as soon as possible after t"ireball tall. ln this manner eonta:nination ot ttle aust colleetioll8 by tar1·eatr1al particles '10Uld be reduced to a
minimum. No ir:mediate application Wat:J made ot Dr. Orozter• o dust collection
teohniquee • in pa1-t because ot th a m-1ter' a re11urn to fUll ttme ncade.!.11.c work at
the m~ on Febru,47 8~h and in ;part baoause o~ Dr. Crozier's other ;rooec.rch
e.cti'Vities and the interrUJ.)tion11 in Reoearch and Develop:iont D1v1 B1on work i.neident to the A.E. O. ' a tek1ns o'Ter the ilbuqunque quarters or the Division.
(2)
When it m,.s determ.i?l9d th.at the green 11reball of J\lly 24.tll liod descended
1n. the im»diate vicinity o~ Soco:L"ro, it was decided to ask Dr. Cro--'1er to attempt
colleotio:ns even though he and bis start were then eneaeod in tbe tinal stages ot
mov1na from Albuquerque to their new quarters on the Campus ot the New 1-l&xieo
School of 1!1.nes, A long distance ¢all to Dr, Orozier on J'uly 26th brough.t the
weleorna news that be he.d been alerted by an appeal for observations issued by the
Insti tu~ of !!otaorittos on tho evening at July 2,th end ha.d al.rood7 made du3t
collections on the campus at Socorro on the morning ot J'tily 25. These collectiono ,
to Dr. Crosier's en.dent surprise, nre found to oontcin not only the tlrst coppe~
particles he hod 'found.in air duet col1-eot1ono bu't these I>~ticles were or unusuallt
large ai!Be - up to lOO microns in maximum dimeneiorut. On roceipt or this exciting
tn:to:ro.ation , a party 11u 61apatched t"ram 17th Diotrict o. ~.I. Bdq_e. to confer with
Dr. Crozier ond to~makc e field search tor the i'irobcll ot :Tu.ly 24.tb. This part~
conBisted at Uajor Charles L. Phillipa (courteously ma.de avaiJ.able tor 'the trip by
Colon.el Harold ~ Gunn, C.o. ot Kirtland Field) Hr. })aul Tatt of the li. S . ,eather
Bureau in Albuquerque , S/A la.ck .Bolino nnd the underaigued. A conterenoe rtth Dr.
Crozier end er. &,n Seely ma held on the School of w.nee cam;pua in Socorro bet\lOon

NND 58378

10: 00 - 12:00 A. J.1. on .Tul.y 26th. At this eonterenoe it beceme ep:parent that
Dr. Crozier wao 1nolln ed to attribute the unuauall7 large copper fragcenta
collected on .Tuly 25 at 10,00 A..l!. (-.bich because ot their size could not h&vo
been blown "fer, tar by aurtace 111.nds•) to particles blO\l'D. off the root or out
ot the a uttere ot t he Aseaying Building on the Campus . In answer to e. queation
from the writer , Dr. Crozier replied that he would oone1der this pose1b1llty
ruled out it copper pm-tioles ob.owed up in colloctiono cade in t.he open oouum
at considerable distance• trCX!l the Campus . It wao tharotoro recom?;.ended th~
such oolleotions be made @d Dr. Crosier and t•.r. Seely rigged up a atonge
battery combination and B!llall D.O. J!!.Otor driven 1DlJ)aotmont collector- 11h1ch were
loaded into the o.s .t. etat't car and driven out through San Antonio , Carthage ,
and B1ngbom, No •enco (this route passing, in ~ . Taf't' o opinion, throueh the
region where pnrti~les tran tile tireball ot 1ul7 24th woo ld most probably have
been oarr1ed by the Tery light win.do provatlins in the reg ion ainee the ino1dent.) Four ot tho collections mode on th io trip W81"$ examined on tho eveniDg
ot 1u.l.)- 26th by
• Ben Seely an4 all were found to contain copper particles
1nd1stineu1chable trom :those colleotod. in Socorro at about the omne time.

-

(3) Pull detail.a on the mathod.e ot collection enployod by D:t-, Crozier end
Mr. Seel.T and on lata:r examinations of ~e dust l)Eµ'ticles collected af'ter the
graen tueballs or both J'ul.7 24th Cl1.4 August 6th are given 1n Dr, Crozier••
i-aport (R/D - tw, 8-10-49) copie11 of whieh are hereto appended. Dr; Crozier ' s
tenta\1ve oonolusion trar:i study' ot the collections mal.e, not only in eonneotion
with the incident o~ .July 24th, but also that o't Aucuat &tb, ts that •the reBUlte
ot the prosont inveot1gaUon should be regarded as negative or inconclusive,•
From anelys1a or hie r~ort (R/D - tw • 8- 10-49) end trom. several phone conYer­
satlona with Dr. Crozier, i t io th e writer• belief' that Dr. Crozier was led to
the abow conolwsion by the tollowing taote listed below 1n docreaelng arder or
iq,ortance, md aooa:;ipanied by er! tioel OODn8ntat
'

(.3.1)
'l'he d1scoverz by tests t:iade on or about k p t l of ., a few
oo
r indications~ 1n dust collected at Socorro on J
14 l.949 i . e. ten
dgre betore the men fireball 1nc1den, ot J'uly 24th. Dr. Croz er baa 1n1"omed
the writer that tbs oolleotion ot July 14th wns ·care:t'lllly wrapped up end could
not have becom conte?!linated by copped dWlt '1h1oh blew 1n through the open win­
dows ot the n .D. &J>. Building at Socorro attar the 1no1dent ot July 24th. I!o'7tner , there remains the poss1b111 ty- that an 'Qllol:eerved or unreported green t ire-­
ball occurring in the Sooorro neighborhood ehortly before 1uly 14th put down
the copper dust round 1n t.be July 14th colleottaa. To one tccn1l1ar with tb.c
al.!nost uninhabited country, around Soeorro md t.he tact that green tireballe aa
bright as the halt mon occurring at timea as favorable tor observation u '1 :))
- 8:30 P . u . have gone alriost unreported , 1 t aecms quite likely that a green
:t"ireball that tell arter midnight or during the daytime or while most or the
s1.7 was overcast tlis bt go entirely unroported.)
(:3.?.)
The d1aore ane between the co.!!ll>uted an! observed rates of
J.escent ot .er,· tine copper particles.
A.9 Dr. Crozier notes , such d!screpon­
c1e• are Wl.deratandable •it eome dor.nward motion had taken place in part of the
air involved.• Preo1sely wch dovm":18.rd tl.Otion oocurred in tha air near tho real
paths ot the f'lreballs of 1uly 24th and 111-rost Gtb tor ttleoa to.Us were nenrly
Tertioal. ll'urtbonloro tho best obaervatiOllB ot tho endpoints of these tireballa
ple.ee 1hat ~ .T'117 :?4th at a bight ot ltl- l2 miles and that ot A!Jeust 6th at 5-6
milsB. 'l'he downward directed bill1st1o head wave therefore coald Yery easily have
carried Dr. Orozier'a 145 hour particloe to m thin 10 ,000 teat of the earth at

NND 58378

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IJ
the time of fall . Sinea we cannot assume co mplete stagnation ot the air rnu,ees
1n the Sooor1"o neiBhborhood tor 145 hours . it must be supposed that such air
motions aa occurred were approximately compeuating and resulted in the return
ot Dr. Crozier ' s tiny •r1ve-.:u.cron particles" to the Socorro neighborhood in
a.p_pro:d.mo.tely 145 hrurs. Only a detailed otudy ot air .ll!4SS c.otiol!a ror the
time interval i~lTod can settle this point. )
(.3 •.3)
The lo
continued Q: ea.ranee of co r particles (however • -as
Dr. Crozier emphasizea, S'::l8ller end smaller 1n size . 1n the Sotjorro collection.s.
(Preoisely sueh a decrease 1n particle size hao repeatedly been observed in
connection w1 th duat oolleotions believed to be ot metoori tic or.lgi n and is attri b- ~
uted to the slower e.nd slower rate ot descent of the particles as their average Bize
decreases. Thuo , L. Rudaux's ros'Qlta strongly indicate 'that particles :from the •
01aoob1nid shower ot 1933, Oltober 9, filtered down in anallor md Sll18.ller sizes
tar 100 hours or more. Fm-ther.m.ore , tor the green fireballs ot J'Uly 24th and
August 6th, U,.o nearly ver:t1eal real paths extended from alt111udtts of lDO mile&
or more down almost to ground level an4 therofore optimum conditions for long
continued intall of duet particles wre approached in these fallo. ) •

(3. 4)
!'allure or the airplane collection ot August 8th to detect ~
bor ne co ner
rticles def1n1tel not ot terrestrial or1~1n. (How&Ter, the
airplane eolleotiona vero all made at great distanoee hundreds of ailea) rrom
the Vaughn region in -r.-hir.h tho fireball of Auzust 6th i"ell; and, ea Dr. Crozier
points out , at the mo:.nent 1t can not be determined "whether or not tho :tlight
d1d aotuall,7 include air that should have borne partialee .f'ro:n rmteor tre.jei:,tory. w
In this connection the results a1luded to in para.:,"'!'aph 4 , belcnT• may be or
considerabl e aigniticonce.)
(4) At the ttmo the airplane eolleotion of :uguet &th was plamied the writer
reoamnended not only tha.t the t'l1ght traverse the area fram Vaughn northward to
Raton and · then NW- ward into the Durango, Colorado re~ion (a reconimandation based
on advice received trom l!r. Po.ul Taft of tbO u.u. eathor Buroan) but aleo tb.a~
.s1mu1taneoualy a ground search 1th the portable i npaotmcnt dust collectin,z oq_u1p­
ment rigged up on J"uly 27th be run i'roa Va\l8hll through Future. to Santa Rosa.
Tlle latter po.rt or thin reoomre~mdation was rollowed by Dr. Crozier l'Zho reported
on the results obtained in hia letter to me under date or August 10 . copieo ot
which are hereto attached. Dr. Crosier' s letter makes clear that ground collec­
tions in the subt1nal regions or tho fireballs of both ~ s t 6th ond J\lly 24th
resulted in the dotootion or unu.eual. aggregations otcoppor particles, .lppe.rently
the copper IX1rticle aggregate o'btai.ne4 in collectioA R - l04L, m.thin the subtinal
resion ot the August 6th tall was the only such a~egate rou:id in Dr. Crozier' s
lenghty ground search or quet S-9. 111 aeema :particularly oi('Uificant to th&
writer tbat Dr. Crozier auapoets that tho copper dust :round 1n this particular
eolleot1ou R- 1Q4L ntsy have been stirred up troa tbe pavemnt on Illgln'lq 84 --a likely oatol:dent airfaca for dust put down by tbe green f.'lreball of. August 6th,
in view or the information giYen me by Ur. T8:f't in regard to tba wind direction
pre•aillng dtn"ing the hours !mediately following t llie incident.

(5)8 In apito or the critical ac:mnenta m.ede in porezraphs 3 mid 4 above , the
writer hes no quarrel with Dr. Crozier•• oonclu.aion that the resulta ao far
obtained in the investigation of volatilization product~ possible put down by
the green 1."1.roball.e are negative or at best 1neonolU81ve. ,However, I do wiah to
stress noat emphatically that 1:r :tuture more detailed ,,ork shon that the nuzcer­
oue copper part1oles tound by nr. Crozier and Mr. Seely .!I!!. indud floating don
~

NND 58378

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•

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t'rom green fl.reballis, then the fireballs are not conventional .tSteorites.. Col)l)er
is one or tbs rarosl or the elements tount\ 1n.nie'teor1 tea (See G.P . Uerrill•
Memoirs National Aoade:my o~ Science 1 vol. 14 (1925) • Table f aci ~ P• 27; and
Harr1aon Brown, Journal ot Geology, vol. 66 (March 1948, ) 'l'able 1 , p . 8'1 . ) In
:taot, I know or no case 1n Which el'en the t1riieet particle o:r co;pper hes been
reported in a dust collection eup:poeedly ot i:,eteoritic or1;;1n. In view ot present
oonoorn in regard to tbe true nature o~ the green :t 1reballs, nothing could exceed
in i t1port0Me attailll:llent ot a. definite cor..-iluston in regm-d to the origin o:t tl:le
0OJ'per particl&s detected in the eub:tinal regions of the firobulls or July 24th
and .(i.ugust 6th.
.
(6) The writer therefore wishes to make the :rollow1ng reco11:1?1endationa ,

.

(6. 1) That e.rraneements be made tor dust collections on airplane 'flights
at altitudes or 40, 000 tt. or oore through ~he regton ot the atcloaphera lying
beneath the real puthil ot green fireballs as soon as possible after the occurrence
ot s~h fireball 1nc1denta. Such arrangements preeupposo a wll coordinated
observing network pertlitt1ng t:te epeed1eet possible determination ot the looation
or the real pathl"I in the atnosphere. (Dr. Crozier and Mr. $eely have both agreed
to cooperate in carrying out dust colleotion at the htghest altitudes attainabla.
In Dr . Crozier ' s opinion, a B- 36 or
50 should be made available tar such work. )
(6. 2) 5:!lat crOUJ1d- level dust oollect1ons be made along tho well deter­
mined earth- traee or the green fireball of 1anuary 30th, using the portable impaet­
.ment equiptBnt al.reo.dy rigged up by nr . Crozier and ur. Seely and used in the e;round
searches ot J'uly 27th and ~ust 8• 9th. I:r copper particles can be recovered
along this carth..tro.ee but do no, appear in colleotions made 50 miles or eo et1ey
trm the trace , the z,eault -=,ul.d be ot much signiticmoe if not indeed deeisivo.

NND 58378

J

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fit

J },·

(1

HEADQUARTERS. SANDIA BASE

' 1'

r

0 I

'f /

ALBUQUERQUE. NEW !'?.~{98 1 \.,..

SBOP/4 3 3 3 , I L -

Tl·H..,
OF
NO, ---1---

REFER TO FILE NO.

SUBJECT:

Board to Inspect Special u1eapons Facilities
at Strategic Air Command Stations

TO:

Commanding General
Strategic Air Comm.and
Offutt Air Force Base
Omaha , Nebraska

\
1 . Reference is made to Top Secret letter, your
Headquarters, subject: • "Special Weapons Training Facilities
at Strat egic Air Command Sta tions," dated 29 November 1949,
Short Title: B- 3000, which proposed an inspection tour of
Strategic Air Command stations to determine adequacy of
station plans for Special Weapons training facilities and
recommend a priority and time schedule for Special Weapons
Unit assignment to Strategic Air Command stations .

\

2 . This Headquarters concurs in the basic objectives
of the proposed board and its general plan of action . Capt .
Barnes will represent the Plans and Operations Division of
this Headquarters and Lt . Col. Olson, Commanding Officer of
the 515th Aviation Squadron, will represent the 8460th
Special Weapons Group . I t is not possible at this time to
comply with your suggestion that the 8460th Special Weapons
Group be represented by the Commanding Officer of the Special
Weapons Unit scheduled for assignment to the station being
inspected .
3. It is recommended that the work of this board be
supplemented by a similar board , to visit the sta tion concerned about thirty (30) days prior to movement of a Special
Weapons Unit to tha t station. This second board could then
verify the rate of progress of facilities preparation and
the adequacy of the pl ans at that time , and solve many of
the administrative problems inherent in the transfer of

NND 58378

,e
'

v

•
THIS DOCUMENT CC'
NO.-----t ___O
F
S'
,s,srs OF ___'3-::_PAG
COPIES, SERIES /c;:_
('
Subj:
Boar d to I nspect Special Weapons Facilities
at Strategic Air Command Stations
any unit to another command and station . It is suggested
that this second boa rd be empowered to recommend readjust­
ment of movement schedule as circumstances indi cate .
FOR THE COMMANDING OFFICER :
D. H. G1'l.NN
LCDR USft
Executive Otti,.,..,
Di str ibution:
la&2a - a ~dressee
2
NND 58378
.._

•
I

I

B/L :from Sandia Base to SAC, dtd 5 Dec 49 , subj :
Special Weapons Facilities at SAC Stations
SAC 353 (5 Dec 49)

"Board to Inspect
D02C

1st Ind

HEADQ,UARTERS STRATEGIC AIR COJ:lM.AND, Offutt Air Force Base, OIIY:lha, Nebraska
I 9 LJ EC 49

TO:

Commanding General , Sandia Base, Post Office Box 5100, Albuquerque ,
New i~exico
1.

This headquarters concurs, in general, with basic communica­

tion .
2 . Reference paragraphs l and 2 , basic communication, inspection
board has completed inspections .

3 . Reference paragraph 3 , basic communication, this headquarters
is directing the Eighth and Fifteenth Air Forces to designate personnel
from units concerned to inspect aviation squadron facilities immediately
upon receipt o:f notification from this hea dquarters . Notification will
be in the form of an information copy of Strategic Air Command request
for movement of aviation squadrons . Your headquarters will receiv:e a
copy of subject requests. Inspection will be completed no later than.
fifteen (15} days after receipt of notification. Your command will be
requested to furnish personnel for inspection teams .
FOR THE COl\'.iMANDING GENERAL:

1 Incl
Cy of ltr fm SAC to 8 & 15 AF

4. B. MONTGOMERY
Brlgadhr General. USU'
D1reotor ot Operatlona

~H.OR.1 T1l
NND 58378

5pt1f?-tJ-.JtlI Z

....
l-lEADQUARTERS STRATEGIC AIR COMMANb
OFFUTT AIR FORCE BASE
OMAHA, MEBRASICA
~).
'
..
DO'-'...O
('1
It ti~~~~:J. , .....
- -·
'Sti"BJECT:
tnapoction oi" VQC1al
Co::mtmd Sto.ttono
~'O:
Coill.m.natng-Goneral
Fifteenth Air Forco
t!at'ch Mr orce D.!leo
Cal1torn.1a
eapon:, Faoi11t1oa at St1:ategio .Ur
l. Your attention ia 1nvitod to the inclo"Bod basic cozrllllunlcet1on
, , _ _ nnd first ixtdnl'&e ent tberoto . itt is requestod toot your hea.dquerters
designato porsonnol to inopoot aviation aquadron taoilities of iour
comm~d iomediately upon recoipt or noti~i.;::.tion fi'Om this 'heado.uarters .
rotitication will 'bo in tbe form efaii in.for. tion copy of "'tra.to,zi~ •
..1:l.r Oonun:md roquost for move: ont or aviation oquuclro.rw . Inspootion ie
to bo col?ipletod not lo.tor t'l)an f11'toan ( 15) de:ro aftor tecf)1.,Pt ot
notiticatior •
....
111 :•.'urn1oh ;reprose:ltativc l)orsonnol tor
illllpoctiona .
upon your request .
'2 . 'Upon coeploli10n 01· inspootlona, any di6<:,repancics noted \,ill
bo ~o~ded to ~hio hoadgunrtera tocottlor Ii.th any roeoOMonlint1ons
that 10uld fac111-tutc t'ronsi'er ot -subject squadrons to tll.1e comrond .
3 . Direct co~Ullication ~1th- Sandia Do.so is c.utho1·izc;l tor tho
pur,POoo or coo1·ainatins tbi-s rnttor .
itt CO:!lWID OF llll!O'l' UNT GmERAL LeMAY:
2 tnele
l .
b/l i'roI!l :..andiu to 6/..0
2.
:l-et :Ind :t.'-ro,.:s AO to Sa.n6ia
NND 58378

.,
DEPARTMENT Of" THE AIR f"ORCE

..

HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES AIR FORCE

I

WASHINGTON

T H E: I N ■ PCCTOR QIENE A: A\. UaAr

1 7TH

D I STRICT Of'FI C E

OF S PEC I A L

K I N:TL. N O AIR ,.O R CI:

II A ■ lt,

I N VEST IOAT IO NS

N&W M &>llCO

DR/ms
25 I.iay 1950

File llo :

(24- 8)-2 8

SUBJECT:

Summary of Observations of Aerial Phenomena in the New
Mexico Area, December 1948 - Uay 1950

TO:

Brigadier General Joseph F . Carroll
Director of Special" Invest.i gations
Headquarters USAF
Washington 25 , D. c.

1.
In a liaison meeting with other military and government intel­
ligence and investigative agencies in December 1948 , it was determined
that the frequency of unexplained aerial phenomena in the New Mexico area
was such that an or ganized plan of r eporting t hese observations should be
undertaken . The organization and physical location of units of t his Dis­
trict were mo~t suitable for collecting these data , t heref ore , since
December 1948, this Distriet has assumed the responsibility for collect­
ing and r eporting basic information with respect to aerial phenomena
occurring in this general area . These r eports have been distributed to
the Air Materiel Connnand, USAF , in accordance with Air Intelligence
Requirements No . 4, and to other interested military and government
agencies .
2.
The r e is attached . as a part of this summary , a compilation of
aerial phenomena sightings that have occurred mostly in the New Mexico
area and have been reported by this District Office subsequent to
December 1948 . This compilation of sightings is not a complete r ecord
of all reported observations, but includes only those in which sufficient
information was available to justify their inclusion. The observers of
these phenomena include scientists , Special Agents of the ·Office of
Special Investigations (IG) USAF , airline pilots , military pi lots , L:ls
Alamos Security Inspectors , military personne l . and many other persons
of various occupations whose reliability is not questioned . This com­
pilati on sets forth the most important c haracte ristics with r espect to
each observation and evaluates each sighting into one of thr ee classifi­
cations , (1) green fireball phenomenon , (2) disc or variation, and (3)
probably meteor ic .
3.
There is a lso attached an analy sis of the green fireba ll
occurrences in this area made by Dr. Lincoln IaPaz . Dr . La.Paz is the

EO~JFIDE~ JTli\L
NW 91526

•
•

eor~FtDEr <rftAtl

. . . ..

File No: (24- 8) - 28
Subj : Stnnmary of Observations of Aerial Phenomena in
the New Mexico Ar ea, December 1948 - May 1950

25 May 1950

Dir ector of the Institute of Meteoritics and Head of the Department of
Mathematics and Astronomy at the University of New Mexico . He was Re­
search Mathematician at the New Mexico Proving Grounds under ah OSRD
appointment in 1943 and 1944 , and Technical Dir ector of the Opera·cion s ·
Analysis Section, Headquar ters, Second Air Force , 1944- 45. Since 1948,
Dr . LaPaz has served on a voluntary basis as consultant for this Dis­
trict in connection with the green fireball investigations .
4·•
On 17 February 1949 and again on 14 October 1949, conferences
wer e held at Los Alamos, New ~iexico , for the purpose of discussing the
green fir ebal l phenomena. Representatives of the following organizations
were present· at these meetings : Fourth Arrrr:1 , Armed Forces Special ',1feo.­
pons Project , University of New Mexico , Federal Bureau of Investigat ion,
U. s. Atomic Energy Connnission , University of California, u. s. Air Force
Scientific Advisory Board, Geophysical Research Division Air Materiel
Command USAF , and the Office of Special Inve stigations (IG) USAF . A
logical explanation was not proffered with respect to the origin of tho
green fireballs . It was , however, genero.lly concluded that tho pheno­
mena existed and that they should be studied scient i fically until these
occurr ences have been satisfactorily explained . Further , that tho
continued occurrence of unexplained phenomena of this nature in the
vicinity of sensitive installations is cause for concern.
5.
·The Geophysical Research Division, Air 11ateriol Command ,
Cambridgo , Hassachusotts , ho.s recently let a contract to Land- Air , Inc .,
Holloman AFB, Alamogordo , New Mexico , for a limited scientific study of
green fireballs . The results of this scientific o.pproach to the pr oblem
will undoubtedly be of great value in determining the origin of these
phenomena.

6.
This sununary of observations of aerial phenomena has been
prepar ed for the purpose of re - emphasizing and r e iterating the fact
that phenomena have continuously occurred in the New Mexico skies
during the past 18 months o.nd are continuing to occur , and , secondly ,
that these phenomena are occurring in the vicinity of sensitive mili­
tary o.nd government installati ons .

---=-·~
•

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_____
~ -;,

i i:,1,,..
i_,,

; (
·

\ . .t!- ~ -

EES
Lt C lone 1, USAF
Dis ict Commander
DOYLE

4 Incls

1 . Summary of Sightings
2 . Photo of Sighting No . 175
w/oomments
3 . Ltr fr Dr . LaPaz to Lt Col
Rees, dtd 23 May 50
4 . Graph indicatin g maximums
2

COP4FIBE~JTlt\L
NW 91526

File No: (24- 8) - 28
Sub j: Sunnnary of Observations of Aerial Phenomena in
the New Mexico Area , December 1948 - May 1950

25 May 1950

DISTRIBUTION :
' cys , Dir ector of Special Investigations , Headquar ters USAF
-J: 8:f--j CG, Ail' 1'8.oeeriel C ~ t l?a,&~oreeM: A.i'B;-~ , •
-NPffl; Bix ec bo1 -o£ Techni ca,) Intel~~
1 cy~ CG , Special Hee.pons Command , Kir tland AFB , New l.!exico
1 cy , CG , Ar med Ser vices Special ·weapons Pr o ject , Se.ndia Base ,
New Mexico . ATTN : J- 2
.J-e,',,- C-a-,- Mee:ef!flste.-m;e:r:s , E o ~ . . . A . A n y ~ ~

,

1 cy • CO , Holloman AFB , New Mexico

,
~-e&ea~-t-Gr:i,oe , C8.Jft&N,~e , Mae l!I"•
1 cy , Dir ector, Security Division , U. s . Atomic Energy Commission ,

Los Alamos , New Mexico . ATT!l : Mr . B. o. 'Jells
1 cy , Federal Bureau of Investigation , El Paso , Texas
1 cy , Federal Bureau of Investigation , Albuquerq ue , New Mexico
J cy, £\i r Farce Scie.nt~ke4J:Uso1y Boaz ~nite.~on Ih a ~
ATTN· Pr A~s.apQ Kep.J.M _
,-ii~~~ffl"-8:!~➔e¥~"9tl~n-e i e&Fe.. Pe:n ta wm RlliJc.a:i:~
A ~ ~ P • H, E, LoR&e-ber--g;-&,ceecttiv e DiI e c bur , C ~ t o e on

G~s~gs end Geog.rerftY
1 cy , File

NW 91526

'
r, ~~- ~ :\ f {{ G/ f):1.0 1:r.~~C!:j \}~, \)~ ~L? ,.~~ l ,- .:: _i_~:!l·.~ ~-- L ~ 1 - 1. ·\.1iI;]} .i;~
1
"
f u1m·tccl lJy the 17\~h Dist1·ic·c or~i c c of C!po c i.a l hvesti 3atir:,;1s (7:l ) , ~.: irt ls.nc'. 1'. ir ~•oi·ce Dase , We,;1 :.:ex ico
U GF.HD :
*1eliability of Oc s ervers :
**Evaluation :
V"J - Very Re lia'c l e
( 1) " Gr een Fir eball I'henomena
R - Ti e lia't. l e
Unl:
Unl'.110':"m J.e liability
( 3) Prob~b l e :~eteo r
11
NW 91526

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81.umne.ry of Sightings of Unknown Aerial Phenomena , 17th District OS I ( contd)
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NW 91526
Page 10

Su.mme.ry of Sightings of Unh1own Aerial Phenomena , 17th District OSI (cont)
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NW 91526
Page 11

Sunm1e.ry of Si ghtings of Unknown Ae ria l Phenomena , 17th District OSI (cont)
NW 91526
Page 12

Summary of Si ghtin[j s of Unkn own Ae r ial Phenomen a , 17th Di strict C•SI (c 01,t)
NW 91526
Page 13

Pe.:ge 14
Su.'llID.2.ry of Sighti n gs of Unknown Ae r ial Phenomena , 17th Distr ict OS I (cont )
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NW 91526

Summary of Sighting s of Unlmown Ae r ial Phenomena , 17th Distrid; OSI (cont)
NW 91526
Page 1 5

Swmnftry of Si ghtin gs of Unlmown Ae rial Phen omena , 17th District OSI (con t)
NW 91526
Page 16

Summary of S i ghtin g s of Unl-:nown Ae ri al Phenomena , 17th District OSI (con t)
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NW 91526

Summary of Si ghting s of Unknmm Ae r ial Phenomena , 17th Distri ct OSI (cont)
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NW 91526
Fage 18

Sumrrw. r y of S i ght inr;s of Unlmown Ae r ia l Phenomena , 17th ~istrict OS I (cont)
NW 91526
Page 19

Summary of Sightings of Unlmown Aerial Phenomena , 17th District OSI (cont)
NW 91526
Page 20

Sunll'!lD. :rJ of Si ghti ngs of Unlmown Aerial Phenomen a , 17th Di st r i ct OS I (c ont)
NW 91526
Page 21

Summary of Sightings of Unknovm Aerial Phenomena, 17th District OSI (cont)
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NW 91526
Page 22

Sunmiary of Sightings of Unknown Aerial Phenomena , 17th District OSI (cont)
NW 91526
Pag e 23

Summary of Si ghtin gs of TJnlmovmAerial Ph enomena. , 17tl1 Distr ict OSI ( c ont)
NW 91526
Page 24

Summary of S i ghting s of Unknown Aerial Phenomena , 17th District OSI (cont)
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NW 91526
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SU!lll:.ary of Sightings of Unlmovm Aeria l Phenomena , 17th Distr ict OSI ( cont)
NW 91526
Page 27

Sumn,ary of Sightinr; s of Unlmown Aerial Phenomena , 17th District OSI (cont)
NW 91526
Page 28

Summary of Sightings of Unknown Ae ria l Phenomena , 17th Distr ict OSI (cont)
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NW 91526
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Su.'Tll'llary o f S i• g it
1 i· ng s of Unl""OVJ
~. 1_ " Aeria l Phenom ena , 17th Distr ict OSI (cont)
0

NW 91526

Par.,e 30

Summary of Si ghting s of Unknovm Ae ria l Ph en ome na , l 7t;h Distr ict OS I ( c ont )
Page 31
··········-··········-·r· ............... _
( 2) •
NW 91526

Sur.imar y of Si ghtin gs of Unlmovm Aer ial Phenomen a , 17th Distr ict OS I ( c ont )
NW 91526
Pa ge 32

Par;e 33
~--~;;-=-
Sumnary of Sightings of Unknown 1 erial Phe:1.omena , 17th District OSI (cont)
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NW 91526
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Sununat"J of Sightings of Unlmown Aerial Phenomena , 17th District OSI (cont)
NW 91526
Page 34

Summary of Sightings of Unlmown Aerial Phenomena. , 17th District OSI (cont)
NW 91526
\
fe.ge 35

Summary of Sightings of Unknown Aerial Phenomena , 17th District OSI (cont)
Like light
going out
NW 91526
( 3)

Su.nuno.ry of Sirr,htings of Unknmm Aerial Phenomena , 17th Distr ict OS I (cont)
Page 3 7
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NW 91526
0-\,~~:r~-~~T,i
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Sumnar y of Sighti ngs of Unl:nown Ae ri al Phenom ena , 17th Distri
ct OSI (cont)
NW 91526
Page 38

Sig~ting No . 175
Photograph of Unknown Aerial Phenomena taken at De.til ,
New Mexico by Cpl Lertis E . Stanfield, Holloman Air Force
Base, New W~xico on 24 and 25 Feb 1950. An analysis of
the above photograph was made by Dr . Lincoln La.Pa z, Head
of the Institute of ~~teoritics, University of New Mexico,
Al buquer que , New N~xico, who reached the following con­
clusions:
ao

Tl:e angular diameter of the perfectly round

luminous object Stanfield observed was approx­
imately 1/4 of a degree .
b.

The angular velocity of the object in the sky
was greater than half _a degree per minute .

Dr . LaPaz stated that on the basis of the results (a)
and (b) above, the object seen by Stanfield was not the
moon (for the angular diameter is too small) , it was not
Venus or any other pl anet (for the angular diameter was
too large), and it was not a bright fixed star slightly
out of focus ( for the observed rate of motion is double
that due t o the diurnal rotation of the earth) .
NW 91526

THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO
ALBUQUERQUE
INSTITUTE OF METEORITICS

May 23 , 1950

To:
From:

Lt . Co ~onel Doyle Rees , Connnanding Officer
17th District, O. S . I .
Lincoln La.Paz, Director
Institute of 1Jeteoritics

Subject :

Anomalous Luminous Phenomena ( Seventh Report)

1.
In the second repor t of this series , dated 194:8, December 20 , the
VIriter listed ten significant differences bet·,veen the bri~t f;reen horizon­
tally- moving fireballs observed in the interval 1948 , Decer,tber · 5- 20 , aud
typical met eors . These differences were the following :
( 1 ) The horizontal nature of the pat,1s of nost of t he December
fir eballs is most unusual . Genuine meteors are rarely observed to move
in horizontal paths .
( 2) Again the very low he i ght of the December fireball discussed
in s ection 2 above sets it off in sharp contrast f rom the Genuine
meteors for which heights of the order of 40 or more ,niles are ~o • ••
mally observed .
( 3) The velocity determined for the fi reball of Dece~ber 12 is
much less than the velocities det ermined from typical meteors (and
yet is considerably greater than the speeds of the V- 2 Roc~ets or
jet planes or of conventional flar es) .
( 4) In the case of meteorites that penetrate to as low levels
as that determined for the fireball of D~cember 12 , the observed l u­
minous phenomena ar e always accompanied by very violent -noises . No
noises whatever have been observed in connecti on with the various
December fi r eballs so far investi gated . (Note added on 1950, :¥.ay 23 :
Possible exceptions to the noiselessness of green fireballs a r e t.:"le
incidents of 1949 , January 30 , and 1949 , December 4.)
( 5) Genuine meteors normally show r emar kable variations in
brightness, beginning as fine thin hair lines , which are scar cely
visible to the observer, and then brightening up to flash out near
the end of their paths . In the case of the December firetalls most
of the ob servers have reported tha·G the green balls appear ed almost
instantly at their full b r i ghtness .

COP<F1DEtsfR1\L
NW 91526

CO~JflDRt,.lTlAJ
To : Lt . Colonel Doyl e Rees - Page 2
Subj : Anomalous Lumino1.~s :Phenomena ( S eventh Re ::>ort)

!~y 23 , 1950

( 6) In the ci:-,se of r::enuin c: r..etecrs the pe.ths are dir e cted to­
viard all points of the compass wi-t:,l:. e q ual :.-:·req uenc;r • 0n the c c :rt'.;rary
in the cas~ of t!1e green fir eballs , plots of adr.ri.ssible approac~1 sec­
tors show that ther e is a ver :r p ronounced te11dency for the pat}1s to
come in f r om the north half of the s!:.y .
( 7) The thr ee groups of e.nomalous r--reen i s:b. lu:~inovs phcno1)Kma
show a curious assoc:i.ation with ·:1 011 k::own ;neteor s:1oi.·Jer s , al-i:;::ou~i.1
none of these :.,etcor sho,11ers normallv pro ::uce c;.:tromely b riGht s roen
fireballs , such as these r ece,1.tly orJser ved . i'' or example , the obser ­
vation :mentioaed by ::r . : ·onnig appeared nee.r the ma::imum of t he
Quadrantid shower of e arly Ja,'1mu-y , , fr . ; :cCullour;h ' s o'..-)s crvation of
Augu.st vias near the time of the Pe r s id shm 1E:.1· an6. t !\C Decci-r.bcr
observations all fell in the intE.:rval cove r ed by the Geminj_d s:10Yrnr .
Thi s relationship mi 1:;ht indicate an attempt t o r ender t he r:rec.n fire­
balls loss conspic"u.ous cy causing tht,n~ to appear only ~'! L :m thE..re is
considerable ;neteoric ac·': ivity .
0

( 8) As noted in an earlier co.m:mmic~'.tion , tho rcnar!:ably v:i.vid
green color r eporte d for most of the De cer:i.ber fireballs is rarely
observed in the 02,so of r;en"-lnc mete ors . By ls.":; ora.tor y tes·'.; -\:.~:is
peculi2.r color seems to :::e: identical viith tr:a•; g iven off by copper
salts in the blowpipe fla:-no . If ".;his idcn-ljif i co.tion is corro ct ,
the wave lon <- th of t;..e r ndiation frm"'.. th(, Gre en _;_' ire::: e.lls i s near
/\ • 5218.R. ( 9 ) Th e duration estimates of betwe en 2 and 3 seconds r 0p ort0d
fo r the gr een fi r eball s n r c consid ero.b l:, longer than thos e (0.4 0 . 5 s econc.s) for the o r d inary visucl )' e·ccors , but s !10rtcr than the
dur ation estimates invariably r 0:,ort,;d in tho ca.so cf a GCP-\).ine
meteorite fe.11 (5 to 30 s e conds or oven long er) .
( 10) For none of tho g r ec.n fi r eballs r.as a tra in of spv.rl~s or
a dust cloud been rc~ortcd . 'i:'his co".'.t r c.s·ts sharply wit: , the b e ­
havior noted in c ase of n e·ccoric £ir cballs - - particularly those
that pene trate to the: very 101·1 levels ,-.,her e t;1c gr e en fir0bo.ll of
December 12 was observed .
2.
In the y~ar and a :1'3.l i' since this list v11:ts ?'!'ODD.red , ;:-..any additional observations have been m.o.do , 4~hc total numb er of obj e cts no·11
accepted as belonging in the [;r c on :Cir~ball cat--Eory beine; 72 . (Al­
though this number constitute s nearly 50,; of t ho inciJents listed in tho
accompanying Surrnnar ~r, it con stj_tut0s less t han 5% of tho ·: ;otal numher of
unscreened ob~tions r oported to the writer . ) Cri-tical arn.1.l:/ sis of
all gr een fir eball r eports non available shows that on l ;,' ono of the
staterr,cnts in the l ist ~ ivcn in paro. gr o.ph 1 n(;eds to b e :"'.loc, i i.'icd ,
namely , item ( 1) . Hithin the last year , a co:cs::.dcrable rn..u,:')cr of the
g r een fireballs hc.vo appeared to fall vcr·cic2.lly d.o,mv1ard ro.t::er t han

NW 91526

To : Lt . Colonel Doyle Rees - PaGe 3
Subj: Anomalous Luminous Phenomena (Seventh Report)

May 23 , 1950

to move horizontally . However , a strictly vertical infall is a l so very
rarely observed in the case of gem~ine meteor fa l ls .
3.
An analysis just completed of the t ime distribut ion of the s r e en
fireballs so far observed permits us to add an 11th item to the list of
differences given in parag raph 1 above . The graph of frequency versu s
local time which accompanies the present r eport s11m-:s t hat the ma;cirn,un
frequency of sighting of green fireballs ( occurring at approxina-cely
2030) coincides in time v1 i th neither the f r equency maxir.1um for ordinary
meteors (occurrin;; at approximately 0300) nor the frequency mazimtun fo r
meteorite falls (occurring at approximately 1600) .
Inspection of the graph referred to in pa.rB.gr aph 3 also will
4.
show that most of the green fireballs have been siEhted in a t i me i nter­
val e:;...-tending from about 5 p .m. to 11 p . m. (:MST) . This conceutr ation
might be even more pronounced if it were possible to screen -:>ut of the
secondary max:iJnum, around 2 a . m. ( :r.£T), all ordinary meteors wl:ich have
been mistakenly identified as g reen fireballs . rnat such misj_de::i.tifica.­
tion has occurred is strongly suggested by the near coincidence in time
of the secondary maxi :'lum of the green fireballs and the well oste.blished
early morninG maximum of the ordinarJ meteors .
5.
Some significance may attach to the fact that tho timo i nterval
alluded to in paragraph 4 extends f rom about 7 a .m. to 1 p . m. in the Ural
r egion of t he USSR. Since missiles movine; Y1ith velocitie s of tho or der
of those found for the green fireballs for which r eal path determinations
have been possible would travel from the southern Urals to new Mexico in
less than 15 minute s , a possible inte r pretation of tho concentration of
sightings r eferred to in parag raph 4 is tho.t the z r een fireballs r esult
from guided missiles launched from bases in the Urals i n the r.-.ornin~
hours before cloudiness due to convection or blinding afternoon dust
storms can interfere with non- radar tracking , such as has been used by
the Optical Trajector.1 Section at Tlhitc Sands Proving Ground .
6.
There is also a p ronounc ed concentt"ation of green fireball
incidents on the four days , F riday , Saturday , Sundny , Monday , almost
a l l of the most widely observed incidents having occurre d on Saturday
or Sunday .
It is a curious and fairly well - established fact that there
7.
has been a distinct decline in the numbor of green fireball sightins s
11
during the last two months, within whicn. the number of so- called f ly­
11
ing saucer incidents in this region :,as attained an all- time high .
Although I have r ecently r e ceived from Dr . Joseph Ira.p lan of the
8.
Scientific Advisory Board a letter containing the statement "l'rank ly , I
don ' t lm01·1 of any U. s. experiments that v1ould result in the appeart'.ncc
of these unconventional objects , and ne ither docs Von Karma.n 11 • I still

NW 91526

To : Lt . Colonel Doyle Rees - Po.ge 4
Subj : Anonalous Luminous Phenomena (Seventh Rerort)

Eay 23 , 1950

consider ·t;he most p robable explanation of t he green fireballs ~o 1)e ·;;h e
one e; iven in the first of the three parat;ra··hs be 1.m·, ,ihioh are q uoted
from my letter of 1950 , February 20 , to Dr. P . H. ·.i"yc}wff , Cliief .,·..t:,1os ­
pheric Physics Laboratory , Base Di rectorate for Ceophys :..cal Researc:1.
The last two pan1{;r aphs quoted. be loY1 \'lell summarize rrr;/ r ecommendatic,:1.s
concerninc the g reen fireball problem:
nAs a prel i minary to settinc; down the project recommend....tions
which you ,requested , I have very carefull-r r eviev;ed all uvaile.')le
fireball data ( observers I reports , transit measv.r e:nents , calculated
real paths , etc . ) coverin 3 incidents from those of Dcce~ber 5 , 1948
to the extraordinary incident of Feb r uary 7 , 1950 , ,1hich ;-,as been
under intensive investi~ation for the J.e..st two week:: . As a result
of this compre'.'lensive review , particuln.1·1~, as it re lates to the in­
cident of Februar y 7 , 1950 , I feel con!pe lled to write you in some ­
what different terms concernini::; my mm part in the proposed f ireball
project than I had in mind \'/hen we last discussed thi s matter . In
brief , I have come to the cone ]. us ion that , on the be.sis of t l~ e
evidence now available to me , I Y1oulc', not te jus·:;ified in r eco:rm ,end ­
ing a. fi rebe.11 project . In ~' opir..ion , this evicieace proves conclu­
sively that the fireballs reported on fall i nto one of t,::o catescrics:
Those of the fi r st category ( ·the 1'1ajority ) are mcteori"i:e i'alls of
unusual , but certainly not of impossible , ma~~nit J.de , frequency c.nd
other characteristics ; t )1osc of the second ca-~egory ( tne minority)
are u. S . guided missiles undergoin~ tests i n the nei~~borhoods of
th0 sens:'..tive installations t'.1ey a.re desi'.:;ned to def'e;_1-d . This
interpretat:i.on of the latter category is the one t~1e.t I p r oposed in
answer t o a qv.estic>n raised by Dr . 'i'eller a.t the first Los i'.lc~':los
conference on r'ebn:.ar y 1 7 , 19"49. It ,.ms not ta!cen seriously then
and I doubt tha.t i·c viill be tal:en seriously a·t tl~e p resent time .
However , even if my interpretation of t;te t:nconventione..l £'ireralls
is the correct one , it is ob vious t'.1.at ·chose in posi-l:;ior. t o con!'inn
11
it should r efuse ~o do so .
1

" Only one cthc.r point need be str es sed , namely , that if I nm
v1rong in interpretin co: the ;;uided missiles r.s ot U . S . ori:;in , t'.1cr..
certo.inl~r intensive , systo!Tlatic i nve sti ~:ation of t!:ose objects
should not be de layed until the termine.i;ion o-..' tiHi pr csen-~ aca.ci..,rn;ic
year . Recent international devclopr:0nts cOJ;:pel ono to sense ·";he
imperative necessity of i mmediate investieation of the unc onvent:i.on­
e.l green fireballs , in c?.se yo1..:. are in ,·1oss c ssio·.·, of i nfcr:nation
11
proving that t:b.ey are not U. S . miss:'..les .
11

If such ::.n immediate investir;a·l;ion uere to be undcr tc.J.:cr. , I
would r eco:r;:;iend t:1at Dr . Fred. L. -,fhipple , of Earvurd Collo~e Obsc;r­
vator y , be placed i.n charge of the pl:otoGraphic !)Lase of -tLe inves ­
tigation ; the.t Dr . Pe·t;er ::,. lhl lman , of t he Dominion Observa>tory ,
be placed in charge of tl1e spe ctrog raphic ~,hase of the investi::-.1.:.-cion ;

COf'1FIOEPcJTIAL
NW 91526

To : Lt . Colonel Doyle Rees - Pase 5
Subj : Anomal ous Luminous Phenomena (S eventh Report)

; :a,y 23 , 1850

that Dr. L. A. Manni ng , of Stanford , and Dr . tfillman be pl£,ccd. i n
c haq;e of the radar investi6 at ion ; and , final1.y , t h~.t Dr . ·.'iillia.."Tl
Crozie r , of the New r:icx ico School of Hines , be placed in charge of
dust collection and identifico.tion . On the br.sis of many intensive
field st, rveys , I do not anticipate -that 6 r ound search vi ill lead to
any r ecov e r ies , but in case such g r ound _search is to be attompted ,
it should be carried out on tho scale str essed i n IT\')' conve r sations
11
·with you and Hujor Oder last month .
9.
Although the abeve para:-;r aiJhs Y1erc ,s,rittcn some months a~o , the
r ecorn:ncndations contai ned i n them arc the ones I ~-!ould u.r ge you to con­
sider at the p r esent time . In conclusion , I s hould like to r epeat the
offer made a-t the end of my l etter of February 20 to Dr . i~yckoff , na.-rncly
to serve , if needed , as consulte.nt on the g r een fi r cbo.11 p1·ojoct as
suggested in Uajor Oder ' s letter -~o me u..~der de.to of Fovcmbor 29 , 1 949 ,
,·iith the stipulation , h0\·1 ever , that n~,r service be on a voltmtary basi s
rather than on the ~AO per day contr act s pecified in 1.!e.jor Od0r 1 s lc·ttcr .

/J
--1"

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,
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Lincoln La.Paz , Director
Institute of r:otcoritics
Universi"cy of Iicv1 l:!exic o

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NW 91526

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NW 91526
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. I .
6f:J!RST .
DEPARU!EtIT OF THE AIR F0)1CE
HEAD<.,!UARI'ERS UNITED STATES AIR FORCE
WA.SHINGTON
THE INSPECTOR GENERAL USAF
17TH DISTRICT OFFICE OF SPECIAL INVESTIGATIONS
KIRTLAND AIR FORCE BASE, NE,V MEXICO
DR/JIB/ web
18 May 1949
file No :
24- 8 •
SUBJECT :
lP'TKNOWN (Aerial Phenomena)
TO:
Commanding General
Sandia Base
Al buquerque, New rexico
ATTN: Intelligence Officer
1. Transmitted her ewith is a SUimnary of Infor mation r el ative to
the aer ial phenomena whjch have been observed in t he New Llexico -- West
Texas area .
2. This investigation is being continued and your office will be
kept infor med of future devel o?"lents .
1 Incl
Summar y of Information
~~oi C--•
L Col, USAF
strict Conn:iander
DISTRIBUTION OF SU'~ARY :
2 - Hq OSI
1 - 3d OSI treeion
1 - CG, AMC
1 - CO, Kirtland AFB
1 - CO, 636th Acft Contr ol & war ning Sq
1 - AF Guided Lissil e Project
1 - AF Fiel d Office for Atomic : nergy
1 - CG, Sandia Base
3 - Atomic Znergy Security Ser vice
1 - CG, :Four th i\rmy
1 - BIO, Ft Bliss , Texas
1 - FBI, Al buquerque
1 - Dr Lincol n I.a.Paz, UNM
12 - Fil e
5
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NW 91526
4n.

•
DEB\RT~;ENT OF THE AIR FORCE
HEADQUARTERS UNITED STATES AIR FORCE

WASHINGTON

-,-.-o~E"!"!'
Cl,\SS~~~lf~
lro'
..... .
.
•

'

~

•

THE INSPECTOR GEN~L USAF

4 .

17th DISTRICT OFFICE OF SPECIAL TINEST IG .TI~' ..:
KIRTI11.1m AIR FORCE BASE, Ni?/f MEXICO

,

1 9 April 1949

Sille'.111ARY OF INFORMATION:
1. This i s a comprehensive summary of all observations of unidenti -­
fied aerial phenomena possessing similar charc.cteristics whi oh hava beeu
observed in the New Hexico- West Texas area . The cor:imon charu.ct~ristics
. of most of the incidents are :
a . Green color., sometiraes described as greenish- white , bright
green, yellow- gr een , or blue green .
b.

Horizontal path , sometimes with minor variations .

c . Speed less than that of a meteor , but mor e than any knovm type
of aircraft .
d.

No sound associated with observations .

e.

No persistent trail or dust cloud.

f.

Period of visibility from one to five seconds.

2. All of the incidents r e ported do not possess al l of the above
onaracteristics, but in each case one or mor e are pre s ent . In nonis of the
reported incidents has any natural or :nan- made object :)Gen deternined to
be responsible .
3 . The body of this summary c onsists of a tabulation of obs ervations
with notes attached to clarify or amplify ce rtain of the more important
observations. Note nu~bers 1, 3 , and 5 a.rs taken d ire ctly from r epor ts
compiled by Dr . Lincoln LaPaz. , University o f Now Mexico . Dr . LaPaz is
i nternationally known and r espe cted as a meteoriticist , and he.s taken a
gr eat interest in these phenomena .
4. The tabulation of sighti ngs is not a con ple te record of a ll r e­
ported observations , but compris es only those in which int,,irvievrn Vlcro
conducted by OSI personnel . Hany other p-.: : rsons we r e inte rviewed by Dr.
LaPaz. and his . colleague s , but, inasmuch a s complete da tu is n ot availabl e ,
these interviews are not taken into account in this summary., In addition.,
numerous r eports have b <Jcn received from individuals who could no I:; provide

NW 91526

"
19 :\pril 1949
SUMHARY OF INFO!W!.TION (Cont)
sufficient i nformation to warrant inclusion of such facts as t hey did
possess . Any inte rview where the veracity of the inte r v i ewee was
doubted was dfs counted in the pre par~tion of .r ep<H'ts £'t1r tr.:-..=-= j {--l--:-.1. .
1 Incl
Tabular Summary w/note s
- 2 -
r c,r,-.9. r ;p.
CLo_ ,._,,.
NW 91526

,
~
Seer: By
Seen F ! · 0 m
DatE:
,?·, ,.,,.,.
'.nr
Cours e
5 Dec :±8
5 Dec -:i:8
5 Dec 48
5 Dec 48
5 Dec 48
5 Dec 48
5 Dec ·18
5 Doc 18
5 J oe 48
5 Dec '±8
5 Dec .;3
5 D~c ~
.15130
2000
Gr-::en
Gr aen
l·i'S ~u') S•J
!·J/S
2105
2115
2115
2ll5
212.7
2135
2200
2220
2220
2315
Gr '·Gn
Gr een
Gr e en
Gr oen
Green
Gre'Jn
Gr een
Re d- v,<hi te
F/S
Gr..,en
Ii/s
N/,S
6 De c ,;8
2255
Gn.en
,;Js
Sandi:::. J~"'..SC
;Lzc Socurity :~;cnt
7 Dec 4.8
2145
Green
M/S
Los ;Ll m:J.OS
!.'~SS Inspc ctcr
8 Do c 48
1835
Green
N/S
Uero- !Ls V0gc.s,
12 Dec -±8
12 Dec 48
2102
2102
13 Dec ,;,a
13 Dec 48
21 30
2215
Note 2
Gr een
H/S
20 mi . East of Las Vegus
Civilian
14 Dec 18
0100
Gr .;en
N/S
w~.go R Kound , N.-~.
Civilian
20 De c 48
20-54
Note 2
lfote 3
28 Dec 48
0431
iTh.ite
ll t o s
Les .ti.la.mos
.:1BSS Inspe ctor
6 Jan 49
6 Jan 49
0310
1730
Green
E t o \7
Note 4
Los Alamc s
AESS Ins;,;ectcr
30 Jan ~9
14 Feb 49
Note 5
1840
17 Feb 49
Note 6
N/ S
u/s
ii/s
~"s
••/
!.f/S
HE t o <F
t:/s
1,/s
CiviJ.i<ln
1fo.iv< , f K .,/ • Sttl'lcnt
M.ilite.ry Pilc:ts
Ci'rilic.n
Civ ilir.m
Civilian
Uilit!lr y Pi l ots
PiL·ts , Pi .. .r:...: .::r Jdrlincs
Ci7ilfan Pilot
US..F Fhct0 grn. phsr
nc.ih:iy ·:.-: rk..:r
Jtudcnt
Uni v . of
-l •
Les V<Jge.s , ~·! .;1.
~f
a1l'1uquerquo , J,T
... • .t.J. •
tfour Lus V0gas , l~ . ~.r .
Las Vebas , N.:·1.
L:..s "!.1,: gas • i .Lr.
Lucy, · N. ';.
~.. st cf :.lbuquc r que
r7~~~r L.as Ve.;,as , ;1 .:::.
Uos.r Izs Vegas , l; . ];{.
Lavy, ~~~. 11.
On:;:.va, tT. ..,
~I-Jar L,'.).3 VO E;O. S , l~ . 1~.
-·
'!\"T .. ,
4 .. -1 .
r
(
OSI Pe rso nnel
...,
t
,
I
.
I
UE t o S,1
NW 91526
~
{
Not e 1
lfote 1
)Thi te- Gr eenish
-.
i.·. •
!foe.r Ganado, Ar iz.
Dr . Sa ls'mr y

··-
.0•:.~ "'..;
. ..!."" T
':.g
1'"'~"
""
!. ,.. J :"
1"' t·0':'
2 1.!nr -.'.:9
JO l 1 :
N/S
3 .1,r--_ r
-~9
Ol o9
Gr.:.-sn
'3
,!:9
J.836
-~-c
8 -~ar ,;,9
1835
13 :i~r· -JS
21 53
G.... ~'-n1i sh-
•~r
1800
¥tb i td
llcte s
2'r
- Jf ,"I,..,,,
27 .·,r
1i te &r5sni::;h
t...,
U.ffJ
- - r,r1
·,
''"' s
.
S<lon Rt
i'r 1,11
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------j.,s . i:-1.ia..:i J8
;_'-,5
.~lre!lL' s
D ..,V;"!i
L- s
'4
zr-;-5 t J '-'5Y
Les
·l~
~ '\.lJ;.[, s
. .I. 'J;.
s
.. ,...,~ ...
J - t..:... '-'
.J:; , .. 1...t
_·.Ess T"1.~
~.;,Ji _._,,:C
c":').~
i:.c 1.·
..::sc; ~;.... :F_..;;ri.rt
:1~83
1.8UC'C•;~ ..
Note. 7
.. - t r
c,-·1
•..;'
·:"'
,.. .
..., .._... nu]:....
&·.s;;
--n~
l ...., ..,
•
. . l ;'.:r,,:s
;lESS Inspc ct0r
5 l,pr L_1:9
2200
Greer:
s t c li
6 ,.pr 49
0005
Green
ii. t ..., ::E
Les ;,1...1-Js
:.::ss Inspvct.:>r
7 .,pr ~9
7 r.pr 49
0100
013•
Gr -.;cn
Gr 0en
s t c li
.....
,,
..:., t 0 ··-
!./'3 . . l:-.rr c 3
Lvs ,'.l:ir.1v d
-~33S I,,s pcrt'1r
.i,3:SS I!1spGct0r
12 ;..pr 19
19 30
':foit c
s t c -{
Sandi ··~ ~C..S3
;:P
NW 91526
ks

•
EXTRACT FROM REPORT SUBMITTED BY DR . La.Pf,Z ON 20 DECIDirBER 1948 :
De c ember 14 :
1:00 a . m., Er . lfono Sanch e z (Wagon t!ound, N . l:.T . )
2. The Reul Path of t he Only Green Fire ba l l s o F o.r Obser v ed a t Two
Se para t e Stuti,on s • .Amon g the nume r ous obse rva tions so _f ur made , t h e r 3 is
on ly one pa i r of c or respondi ng observs.ti ons i . e ., thos e 11).0.de s i multano o\.,s l y
by dif fe r ent gr ou ps of obs e r v e rs a t widely sepa r nt c d s t o.tions . The onl y
suc h obse r vat ions nr e tho se obtained on the night of De c embe r 12 by one g::- o•;-.~:
of obs e r vor s near Sta r v ation Pe a k ( Be r na l , Hew Mexic o - s ee r eport on i iic ;_' . t
·o r 1948 , De cember 12 , 9h 2m p l u s or mi n us 30s ) , a nd a s e c ond po.ir o f ob :.;v c· ·, " ··
sta tioned within the Los Al amos r e serve.t i on .
By gra phic r e duc ti on of t ho
simul t a neouil.y made obs e rvations , t he fol l owin g fa cts ha v e been d e t crminc c :
The gr een fireball of De c embe r 12~ 9h 2m p l us o r mi nus 30s o.ppoar o d v . . r y it-· r
o. p o i n t with the coo r dim3.tes l atit ude 35° 50 1 , l on gi tudc 106° 40 1 and d isary,
1
pea.r ed n e a r a poi n t wi t h the c o or d i n o.tes l a t i tudo 35° 45 , l ong;i tude 107° f.. ·:
t r aversing a nearly or e x o.ctly horiz on t a l pa t h with e. l e n gt h o f v ery n e 1~r l :r
twe nt y - f ive (2 5) mile s a t an a l tit u de above the sur fac e of the earth of c..p~
p r oximc..t e ly 8 to 10 mi les , do pcncli nr; on th e c stim~ t e of unr;ulo.r a l titud-3
empl oye d i n tho r e duct i on ; tho v e l o c i ty wi t h r e spe ct t o the e a r th wo r ks out
u t be tween 8 a nd 12 mil e s a s e con d , d ,"J pend i n g; en tho dur !l.ti on e stim:1t e use'.l .
It should . b e obse rve d t ho.t th.::: a bove r e su l ts a r e obta i ne d u nder the n ss umpt i. c ,..
that t he poin ts of nppet-.r a nce and diso.ppcur o.nc c of t h o f ire b a l l wo r e seem
simultaneously by b oth the Be r na l m d Lo s ;~lr-"!l.OS gr oups .
I n c o.s e this o.ssump
ti on is not fulfill e d , th e r 00.l pt~th c oul d v e ry co.sily b e no mor e thnn 10 -L:12 mil e s long , the v e locity with r e s pe c t to th8 oi~rth t hen wor k.i ng out o.t '
between 3 and 6 mile s o. s e c on d . \T./hilG the r e is thus c on side r a ble u:ndorto.i n t y
b e ca use of the l a ck o f c on f i r mi n e; a zimuth obs e rv(ltions f r o:n :::. t hird sta t :i.0:1 _
c oncord:;mc e in tht:: five ( 5) d i ff e r e nt o stimc.t e s o f o.ngul o.r e l e vati on ma ke i i;
most u n like l y that the lin eo.r h-::ight of the fir cb o.1 1 was muc h les.s t han 8 mi~
and much mor e t nnn 10 mil e s . It is intc r o stin ~ t o obse r ve tha t t he b a ckwar :
e xtension o f the 2 5- milo path fir st given passe s a l mo s t c entr a l l y a cross t w
Los Alrunos r e s e rvo.ti on .
3 . S i gnifico.nt Dif f e r enc e s Betwee n the F ire bal l s Observe d in the Int~ n ·
De cembe r 5- 1 3 and Typ i c a l Lletoor s .
3 . 1 Tho hor i zonta l nat u r e 0 f tho pn ths o f most of the De c embe r f ir<'·
b a lls i s most unusuo.l . Ge nui ne met eors a r e r e.r o l y observed t o mov-o i n h o:·i-.
z on to.l paths .
3 . 2 Again the ver y l ow h e i ght of the De c embe r fir ob~ll discuss ed j 1
s e ction 2 abo ve s e ts it off in she.rp c on t r a.st f r om the genui n e met 0 ors for
whic h h e ight s o f t ho o r der of 40 or mo r 0 mile s a r e n ornu:, lly obs c n r,}d .

3 . 3 -The ve l o city d e t e rmine d for t h e 1~ir0b o.l l of Do c omb0 r 12 is m \l.C !'
less than tho v e l o c i tic s d e t e rmined frum t y picn l mot oors ( o.nd y et i s c ons i.d, ••
abl y gr oat a r thnn tho spee ds of t h o V- 2 Ro c ke ts or j e t pl~ncs o r o f c on.vcr.-1.,J
f l a r es ) .

NOTE l

NW 91526

TO:

De oe~ber 20 , 1948

Colonel Doylo Re0 s

3 . 4 In the c ase of meteor ites that pcm.0tratc to :1.s lO'N l eve ls e s
that determined for the fireball of De c ember 12, ~~e observed l~inous ph~­
nomena are always :icoompani'3d by vary v i o lent nois<1s . No noi ses whatever
have been obser v8d i n c onnection v.rith the vo.rious Deo emb0r fireballs s o f r•.r
investigated.
>
3 . 5 Genuine meteors normally show r 0markable ve.riations in 01 :' ~- -t
beginning as fine thin h a ir lines , which a r c, scurcE:ly visibl e to tho 0<'1 8 1.,1··••: ,· ,
and then bri ghtening up to flash out near th o 0 r..d of th0 ir paths .
~:,,_ th·.:; .".'' ·
of the DecEJmber fir ebal ls most of t he obser vers h a':-0 r e ported that th2 r:-,
balls appear ed almost insto.ntly !l.t their fu 11 b ri g;htnGss .
3 . 6 In the c aso o f genuine me teor s the paths are d. i_ro cted t0;.r!~r~
all po int s of th0 compass i.•iith equal freque~lcy . On tho cori.tr 1:-ry in t'.1.0 c :- : .,
of the gr .:rnn fire balls , plots of admissib l e a pproach sectors shnw th<:'.t ·;h••,r ,
i s l~ v e r y pronouhc cd t endency for th0 pe.ths to cc-:.:o in frora the north hn,E
of the sky.
3. 7

The thr:,e r;r oups of anomc.l ou s [ r eenish luminous phcnomenf). s'1 ; V,
knovrr-. r!lCtc o r show0r s , althcut;h none of tnJS l:
me teor show-Jrs normally produce extremely ½ri ;:;ht gr:ion fireball s , sn c h :.-.s
tho se r e cently obs Grved.
For oxsmp l e , th,J obse r 7n.ti'Jn mol'!tic-nod by Era ~u!~l.'.
:'-ppos.rod nea r the maximum of the Quadr::i.nti d s ,10W(lr ,,i' r~nrl;,· Jc.nuary: :r.r-.
1,icCullough ' s observation o f Aufust was noc.r the ".;i m~' c.t' the Pers i d showE.·r i ,r,
tho December obscrvo.tions :-.11 fell in ';hQ ir..ts2r vul oo•,,er;;d by the G..:mini d
shower . This r elati onship mi ght indio:,t~ :-.n :::.tt,;r;-:p~ to. r ond<:; r th.;. groon f~ •· ..
bells l e ss c c:i.spicuous by cuusircg t han tc, appear o:, l y when th~r0 is c c.·, sj•L-ablc meteoric a ctivity.
a curious ass0ciation ·1vith ,ilell

3 . 8 ).s not ed in o.n G<::.rlier c ommu nicP..tio:-,_, the r --,rao.rkab l y v i ,.-ic. ;; i ·,,J.J"'
1
c o l or repo rted fo r most of the De c ember fi r e balls i s r e.rely obson,;Jd L! t: ~ :>
c ase of g enuine meteors . By l ubor~tor y t est this p,,culia r color s~cmf' to ~>,
identical vdth th:lt c i ven off by oc pper s nlts i n tho blowpipe fl ::-.mc .. If ::,,.1;_."
i dentificaticn i s c o rre ct, th" W'.l.ve l ~ngth o f the r adi ation fror.i. t~1.e gree:ri
f ireballs is nenr 5, 218 Angstrom Units .
3. 9 The dur ation esti.mr. tes of between 2 r:.nd 3 s e c,.,nds r epork c. f c,
the green f ir eballs !1.r c oonsid;,r a.bly l on;0r than those (0 . 4 - 0 . 5 soc(•urls:,
for the ordinr:.ry visuc.l met eors, but shorter t h'.m tho dur ati on osti1.1r•.t..::s
i nvar iably reported i n the c o.s o o:.' ~ g6nuinc..: me t eorit0 fr-,1 1 ( 5 t c 30 s J cc.:v1s
or even l on ger) .
3.10 For n one of t he gr een f iro::>u lls has a trr.:.i n oi' spa rks or ~ O.L 5,
cloud been r eported. T!'lis oontr :ist s shnrpl y with the boha.vi o r notc,1 i·-~- c2.1:;E:.
of meteoric firebc.11s--part~cula rly those th:-.t pen otrc.te t o the 70ry .i.,;w
l eve l s where the g;r aen firebal l of De c enb0r 1 2 was observed.
4 . On the basis of the various diffe ren c es to which attenticn is C'\.l l. ~ -­
in section 3 , the write r r ema i ns of the ooiniun thc,t the fireb.~tlJ. of: D0c-3r.1i.,~ ~12 was definitely non- meteoric c.nd that i ~ ull p r obn.l>ility the sm,10 js ·i,ru,
of most, if not a ll , the other b ri ght goon fir uballs, which t he 031 h~.s hcJ
under investigRtion~
LINCCL~l I.aPi,Z'

NW 91526

-=

, l....ti :::::::1 -

---""'!
.,• .~ !!J
...,...
2_

I NCIDEHTS OF 13 AND 20 DECE::lBER 1948 :

The unu sual f e a ture o f t hese t wc i n cid,rnts i s t h a t the r e we r e r ep•)rt: i
two red li ghts t r a iling the cr 0.;m fir e ba ll. I n e n.ch c o.;,e obsc r v~r s :..i.e... , c
t hat the tra iling l ights r 0t a.i ned a. c c.,n stant po s i tion with r espect t ' '- ~
e the r and t o t h e gr e en l i i::;ht . Also , t he s e two s i gh tings :;,.r e the on< · ~w
a ll t he g r e en f i r eballs whor e c. shar p chunbe cf d ire c t i on i ~ the ,;~r ',i'), •
p l ane wa s ,,:>se r ved. One o f these i ncidents , tha t of 20 D3c ember, w· ,:· r
b y At omic Ener gy Se cu ri ty Se r v ice I n s pectc r s , wh i l e the ot he r ·ivas -,:_;.,:;-,
truck driver .and his wife . That o f 20 D0 c embcr was obser ved i n the Lo.3
1
a r e a , whil e that of t he 1 3th o f Dcoenber wa s :;bser ved s ou thvre s t d ' h'l.s

NOTE 2

; r-

asa ~::r

NW 91526

INCLOSURE #=6

The Unive r s i t y of New Mexico
Albuq uerque
De cember 30 , 19~E

I n st i tute o f Meteoritics

TO :

Lt. Colone l Doyle Rees, Cormnandin g Offic er
District No . 17
Of f ice of Special I nve stigation s

From :

Li ncoln LaPa z , Dire ctor
I nstitute of Meteoritics

Sub j e ct : An omalous lumi n ous phenomena

( Third Report)

In the s e cond r eport of t his s e ries, a description was g i ven o f the ~.:_C'~t.i
path through the a t mosphe r e of t he gr e e n fi r eba ll of 1948 , December 12, gn :'·'
(plus or minus 30 8 ) . On the bas is of cor r e s pondi n g ob s e rva tions ma de f r o1. , , sta tion near Starva tion Peak , New Mexico , and a second s t ation nea r LoR Al1c H
New Mexico , t h is fireball was found t o ha1re appear ed n e a r a poi nt wi th the!
coo r d ina t e s : latitu d e 35° 50 ' N, longitude 10 6°, 40 1 W, and to have d1 isap:i - ~
n e a r a point with the coordina t e s : l a titude 35° 45 ' N, longitude 10 7 os·
tra v e r s ing a r. a lmo st horizontal pat h , a t an elevation of about 10 mile s a".J
sea leve l , wit h a l ength of about 2 5 miles , a t a v e l ocit y of a ppr oxi mate ly
10 mile s per second. (Th e mi n i mum pa t h l ength con si ste~t with t he obser v -• c:~ ••
was f oun d to b e about 11 miles , the corre s por.di ng ve l ocity t hen f a lli;:ic b 4 -l,...
3 and 6 mile s pe r second , depending on the du r ati on adopted . )
On th e basi s of correspondi n g ob s e r vations of t h e g r ee n i sh- white f i r , 't.. •
o f 1948 , De c ember 20 , s h 54m p . m. ma d e b y two pa irs of Lo s Alamos obser ver r._
i t has n ow become possible t o wo r k out another approxima t e reo.l pa th. As ;- _
be appa r ent fr om the o rigi na l a ccounts of the obser vo.t i ons made by AESS
I n s pe c tors Wi ll i am D. Wi lson , Bufo r d G. True tt , Cl ifford E. Str ung ~ a.rd. P:•.1 c .,•••
Se c ur ity I nspector Geor ge S . Skippe r , t he fireball o f 1948 , De c ember 2(, w :.i.,,
ob ser ved und e r l ess fnvo r abl e c on di tions t han t he g r e e n fi r eba ll s ee n by f .vo::
pe rson s on t h e night of De c embe r 12 . Hov,e-..re r , on the b a s i s of the ori ~;i n·1.:·
acc ou nts o f the observe r s named o.bove , of sketch e s supplie d by the s e f~l.! r ::.:­
viduals on De c embe r 29 and of t r ansit obs e rva tions mc,de by Ce.ptai.n '.l . ~ - ,!"~•
and t h e u nde rsi gned on the same date a t t he points o f obser vation (-·.r:i. t. .
3 5° 48 t . 9, 106° 18' . 4 for St rang and Skipper a n d 35° 5 5 t , 10 6° 23 • , , f ,w
Wilson and Truett) , it ht..s b een possib l e to e stablish r eas on abl e eo;1 ,;0r·dan(' c,
betwe en various point s on the f ireball po.th e.s s e en by tho t wo gr ou p3 0r ,,~•• •
s e rve rs .
Bec aus e of t he v e r y s hort b a s e line ( on ly 8 mil es l ong ) bc t nocn -t., ,.·
two points of observo.tion o.nd the d i ff icu.lt con d i t i ons unde r v1hi ch t h0 fi :•,J_ .
of Decembe r 20 was ob ser ved , i t is my o pi n i on that t he r eal p o.th den vvl ,·0:
the Decemb e r 20 obse rvati on s d eserve s c ou sid ur ubly l o s s we i ght than t:-1::i:t:; :::r .
t a i ned from th e De c emb e r 12 obse rvations .
J

NOTE 3
NW 91526

- 2-

Lt . Col . Doyle Reos

Do c rnnber 30, 1918

It is found that the f i r e bal l doubly obs e rve d by Mes srs . Wilson , Truett)
Strang , a.nd Ski pper a.ppenred at a height of at l east 10 miles and desccndcci .-..,
an angle of about 45° to the vertical ( a ccording to Truett ' s estimate) t0'
point C at an elevation of only 2 . 3 miles abo7C the horizontal plan0 t·1rc 1 •
tho point from which Strang and Skippe r obse rved. As the firoba ll aF1?··o ') :·
the point C, its pa.th l eve lle d off and from C to its point of d.i:sappoarcm:..,
E, the fir eball followed a nearly horizontal path appr oximat e l y 7 . 5 mi:cs
moving with o. velocity o f between 3 . 75 a nd 7 . 5 mil e s p-:,r second , dep.:: 'ldi n;_
the duration estima t o adopted . The coordina tos of t he projocti on of C on •.!
earth arc 35° 56 ', N , 106° 30 t Vf , and those of t he pr ojection of E o.rc 3fi,
57 1 N, 106° 23 ' w. The forwa rd extension of the f ireba ll ' s tro.cc on tho ...
as dete rmined by the a bove projections , passes some six mi l es to tho nox-c., •
the town of Los Alnmos .
It should be noted t hut the d es c ending; branch of t h-'l pc..th of the fir : • • •
wu.s observed by I n spe ctor Truett alone , but he was absolute ly c e rtain thr.1. ~
1
his observa ti on of t h is portion of t he path was corre ct.
It should a ls o x
note d tha t no sound was heard, a l though tho d istanc e from the obscr vc.,r s ·co ·; " :
fir e bnl l and from the fire ball to the et'l.rth could havo been o n ly 11 fow mi::.-- ~.
a t most .
I have no hosito.ncy in testifying that ap object possessinr; tho - . ••
path o.nd the other poculio.rit ios observed by l'li es srs . Wilson 1 Truett,, Stro,1~.,
and Skipper was not a fallin g meteorite .

U.L.,'-.,J.

J.

NW 91526

TO:

Dire cto r , I nte llig&nc e & Se cu rity Divis i (m

FROM:

Ch i e f , Phy s ica l Se curity Branch

SUBJ ECT:

Re p orte d Observa t i on of Uni denti fied Li gh t o r Fl o.r e Movi n t,; j,c r r·~,.
the Sky on 6 Janua r y 1949

7 J a nua r y 1 949

1 . On 7 J an ua ry 1949 , t he write r i n t e rviewed Pfc . .Mer e d ith J .
Ever i tt , ASN 38 5529 54 , Hea dqu a rte rs , 8450th i.!l . P . Gr ou p , c cn c c r n i n .: t he un­
i denti f i ed light or f l a r e which he h '3.d r ep(: r tedly seen movin g: t\Crc)SS the s ky

2. Pfc . Eve r i t t advis ed that on 6 J anu a ry 1 949 h e was guar din~ o.
C- 9 7 air p l ane a t the l andi n g strip , l oc a t ed ad j a c ent t o the Or dnanc e Ar e~,
whe n a t appr oximate ly 1730 h o urs he noticed a briGh t ob j e c t t r ave l lin ~ n cc ns s
t h e s k y , fr om the Sou t heast t owcr d s t he' Nor thwest. He r ela t-ed t h c.t t he ob ject
wa s diamond shapod, a ppr o.xi ma te ly t v/0 f eet l on g, a.nd appe.-:i.r ed t o ,be mu ch
b righte r i n i ts c enter t hnn at t he edges . He e s t i ma ted tha t the (,1.:> j c c t vms
appr oximately 1 500 to 2000 f eet i n the a ir E,n d t r ave lled. a ppr oximate ly 500
f eet , h orizontal t o t h e ea r th ' s surfa c e _. be f o r e he l o s t s i ght of i t . Pf c.
Ever itt was u na1.:>l e t o e s tima t 0 the s pE,e d o f; t h1:, ob j e c t but s t a t el tho.t h e h a s
s e e n l ow f lying jet p l anes , o.nd t hat thi s o~ j e ct tra ve lled much faste r than
the jets tha.t he h -'is obs e rved. Thor':l vras nc- smok e o r othe r v apo r , u s :!late r i a l
visible t o Pfc . Everitt a r o und or fo llowi n 6 the ob j e ct .
3.
At the time Pf c . Everit t witn essed t h e ob j "' c t, he sta ted th ::i.t the
sky was clear , fur nishin g o. lig h t b l ue b£>.ckgr ound , a n d t hat t h e obje ct appe a r ­
ed t o be a b ri Ght wh it e li ght, wi th n o o thor appar ent v i s i b l e co l or .

4. Standt nG gu a r d with Pfc . Ever itt wer e Sgt . Ri char d \':ol es l e gc e ar.. d
Cp l. Wilson , and a qcor ding ·t o Pfc . Everit t , n e ithe r of t h e o t h.:;r men s a.w t h e
ob j e ct. Everitt e x p'laincd tha t hG cal l ed t o Sgt . Vfo l es l e p;c e , who was sta cid i ::g
at t he o t her end of t he p l a ne , :.:.,.~d t o l d h i m t o l ook a t t he ob j ect i n the sky ,
b ut by t hat time i t had di s appe o r e d .
5 . Pfc . ~ve ritt sta ted t h a t ho a ttended Flibh t Schoo l , u nde r the G. I.
Bill of Ri g hts i n Hous t on , Tex as , du rin c t he y e a r 1947 , and that he h a s had
s ome e xperienc e in obs e rvi n g a ircra ft.

/ s/

Mil.TTHB1V J . DOYLE
Ch i e f , Phys ica l Se curi ty Bran c h
I !1te lligcn c e & Se curity Di v isicm

NOTE 4

CD --

i1

NW 91526

'

THE UNIVERS I TY OF NEV'f HEXI CO
ALBUQUERQUE

•
Feb r uar y 21 , 1949

Institute of Met e oritics

TO :

Lt Co l onel Doyle Rec s , Commanding Office r
Distr ict No . 17
Office of . Specia l Inve sti gations

From:

Lin co l n w.Paz , Dire ctor
I n stitute of Meteoritic s

Subje ct :

Anomalous l umi nous phenomena ( 4t h r e port)

1 . Sev e r a l additi onal si ghtin gs of' un e x pla ined a e r i a l light phenomon·,
have occurr ed since the third r ~po r t i n t h is s e rie s wa s pr epar e d .
Outst'.mdi
1
among the as yet unde s cr ibod incidents was the gr een fir0b a ll of Su n day c ,-c • i ••
Janua r y 30, 1949 , 5:54 p . m. MST . Within l e ss tha n one mi nute uftc r the ap-•
pear a.n ce of the fi r eba l l , a n eyewitne ss ( Mr . Nc s bett ) co.l l e d t o r epo rt t h :: ' •·
p r ess i on of a g roup of pe rsons who s aw the fi r e b a l l t h r ou6h a n east wi n dow
while s e P.ted abo ut the d i nne r t a ble i n o. b ri ,;}ltly li ghted r oom. \1ithin tvro·; '•·
h ou rs a f t e r t h e fire b a l l appe R.r e d , more t han 100 oy owit ne ss o.ccoun t s had 1:,., f _
obta ined b y i ts dire ctor throu15h p o r s onal i n t er v iews . An unu sua lly h i gh p,.!.
ce ntage o f the r e po r ts c ame from milito.ry pe r s onne l (waitin g out u n de r the, :- r:.
for Post Theat e r s to ope n ) , f r om gu a rds and othe r s po c i c. l agents a lre a dy c..:!..~.
to wa t ch f or anomo.l ous l uminous ph enomcn n and fr om ai r pla ne pi l o t s , c ontr .:::,
1
towe r men a n d oilw0 ll work e r s worki ng on the l a t e) o.ftE;r noon t o mi dni ght s :n f , .
2 . On Febr u ar y 1st, l\ s ta ff C[,r was pkcc d a.t t he writ e r ' s disp(•sal by
Hajor Williom Godsoe of t he Fourth Ar.my tend a f i e l d s u rve y we.s begun of Gli.c.
I
r egion in New Mexico and Te x a s i n ·wh i ch the ma j o r i ty of t he obse rve r s r c ;':>u.C , ..
ing the f a l l l i ved.
This s urvey , c a rri e d out umlor un usuo.lly s 0ver e ·wo'lt.'1er
c ondit ions , i nc l uded vi .si t s to the fo llowi n g l o c a. litio s : Mor iar t y ,. Est,~nc L
Vaughn, Ramon , Me s a , Roswe l l, Co.prock , Ta tum ::md other towns in New L::c xicc; ;
o.nd Lame sa , Brownfie ld , Pl a i n s , Lubb o cl<;, ' .'lulc s h oe and othe r tovms i n Te xa.s
( Seve r a l of t hos ,:; towns w 0 r tJ v±site d t ·wo or mor e time s . ) At Roswe ll , wh e ~o
v e r y e f f e cti vc c oope r a tion wa s provide d b y tho OSI group o.t Wo.lke r ,'l.ir Bas-.:
und e r Lt Paul Ryan , o.nd t ho loca l CAP u nit under Lt H. K. Cobcan , Spcc i o.l
Agen t Bil l Ricke t wa s a d ded to t he surv e y pa rty :;,.nd g;a.v o much o. id i n l e.to,:
wor k . At Lame s a , 'f ex a s , tho g r o und survey party wo.s joine d by a n o.ir s ea:::- i.
party c onsisting of Major Cho.r l e s Phil lips , USAF, Ca pta i n Me lvin E. t:aef a:ic.
Spe c i a l Agen t J a ck L. Bo ling, f r om tho 17t h District OSI office u t Ki:-+,l "::::. i
Fie ld , and Cor por a l Cochr an . On Febru a ry 4th , t ho f ou r person s j ust n ".med :.-:l.,; •
a low-leve l air r e connaissa nce mission i n a T- 11 a ircra ft ove r t h e i.r c a sur ••
r oundi n g t h e e a r th- point o f the f i r obn \ 1 of J ::.nuD.r y 30th. k t tho sc:rr.e b i~
a s e c ond gr ou nd survey p a rty under Lt Pau l Ry'.m made o. c o.r e ful f i e l d S(..'.lr c.h
a l ong o. r oute e x tendin g f'r om La.mesa. t h r ou gh Amhe r st, Te xa.s, t o Clovi. }; . ;Jo~· _

NW 91526

....,......- .....s
3 . As a r e su l t of tho gr ou nd and a i r s0ur cho s r e f 0 r r0d to ubovo , and o f
a n a nal y sis of tho v e ry lur ge amount of i n f o rmo.t i on ob t :.:.i nc d from oy owi t nc. s s ; s
by pe rs onal i n t or v ic,vs , by te l ephone:: c on'TG rs [\t i ons and by l e t t 0r , i t has now
(three weeks a fte r the f u l l ) be come cloo.r tha t s oV..) r a l thousand pe rsons i n
New l1exico e.nd T0x o.s s aw this gr eat fi r e bal l l e i sur e ly trf'.ve rsc t h o s ky .
It
h a s been possib l e to d e t e rmine t hat t h o J e.n ua r y 30th f ire ball be c ame vi .s ibl
:
0
at a n altitude of approxima t e l y t welve mil e s ov e r a p o int u t l atit ud0 Z.t: '
longitud e 102° 5 ', and disappe ared a t cm a l titude of uppr ox imat o l y o i r_:rt nu:
OV(,r et p oi n t n t l a titude 32° 48 1, l ongitude 10 2° 22 ' , ._\f t c r trave rsin g a
nearly horizontal pa t h app roximat e l y 143 mil es l ong at et v e l oci ty o f from .• ,
t o f ourteen mil e s pe r s e cond . Althou gh tho J anua r y 30th fi r 8ba l l mu s t ba ~ ' '•
among t h e b ri git c st obs e r ved i n the l ast quartor - c ent ury , and i n s pit o o:: ~',
f a ct t hat its r eal path lay close r t o t he t=Ja rth thr oughout i ts onti r o c x t v
t han any ,other met eorit o pa t h o f which the wr i t e r h e. s knowl e d r o ( exc eptint
t h o anomalous gr e e n fir ob o. ll s of De c embe r 12th and 20th , 1948) , t he mv t e,)r ~·,
d c t ona ti ons and l ong c ont i nuod r umblin gs which without e x c e pti on a c c ompan:
l a r ge moteori t e f a lls we r e n ot obse r ve d on J u.nu!:', ry 30th by o.nyonv i n thoJ v ~- •
Howuva r, what may h~v~
l ~r ge r egi on cove r e d by t h e'""'vnr i ous gr ou nd s u r veys .
been Udden n oi s e s ( anomal ous whizzin g, c.nd h i ssi n g s o unds fre quen tly r ,::po r ·c" ,
b y v e r y d i s t ant obse rve rs as ho.vi n g b een hoe.rd at the S [t."110 t i me t hat ::-. mo-l;J )
ritic fire b o.11 vras s eon ) we re h e ·ird a t Roswoll , N ,nv 1'.Texico , and no~-r Hulo f't1
Te x a s .
1.
In a dditi on to t he ctbse n c o of noise anomo.ly r e f e r red t o i n tho l ·\s ·..;
p a r agr aph, the f ire b a ll of J anua ry 30th , 1949 , sh.-:rns seve r a l othe r f ea.tur es
( e . g . near ly horizonta l path , abs en c e of l oni; e ndurin t; luminous tra i n or <tu ;. •
clouds , Nor t h to South dir e c t i on , e tc) c i1::1.r a cte rist ic of _the g r e en fi r e ba:i.J ~
earlie r describe d in t h is se r ie s o f r e ports .
Howeve r , tho J anua ry 30th fj_r ,,.
b a ll was much b r i ;ht 0r t h an any of t hos e earlie r r o porte d o.nd dif f e r e d f r o,,, , .
othe r gr een f i r e balls in t hat man y _o f t he Te x a s obs e r vers vrho were sit u a t e.;, '
n 0a.r est its p a th r eporte d its col or e.s blue , o r arige , r od o.nd ovan pu r plE; , l'!.­
stead o f green ~

5. Up t o t h e pre s Em t t ime (Fe br u a ry 21st) , no evidenc e what c v ..:r st.ppc· .:..:.•
the b e lief t hat s oli d fragment s f e ll t o oa rth f r om t l-).e J unuc. ry 30th fi r ebr-.1.··
he.s b een di s c ove r ed . Howeve r , r,s pr omptly o.s possi b l e , a muc h mo r e thor ou "'l-i
gr ou n d s e arch s hou l d b ..,; ma de in the probable a r e a of f nll a.s outli ned by t u.
earlie r survey s , f or , in my opinion , t he fir qb a l l of J a nunry 30th i s the en::.:,
one of the anoma l ous luminous objects und--; r i n vesti g1>.ti on which g;i vcs uny :l 1 •
ca tion o f havi ng b ..,;eu a met eoritv £~11 ,
6 . With th e pr e s e nt report, t h e wr ite r ' s pa r ti cipc. ti on i n the OSI' s i :r ­
v o sti 6a.ti on o f the pu zzling fi r eball question mu st, to h is r ogr 0t , t -,rminc,t ;
During t he t i me I wa s on l o o.ve o f abs en c e fr om t he Un i v:::rsity of r[;Jw :Jt xi.:--o ,
wa s ;;l ad t o donate my time e,.n d s c r v:i: c e s to this inv -..·s tiEo.t i on . Now t }.:--,t I .'.!'·
agai n serving a s Head o f the Dupa.rtmcnt of i,h'..th0mntic s ,vith u f u 11 tirric t E: -~-.:.,, ,
l oad , i t i s i mposs ible f o r mo t o co,1t i ::1u c cooper a tin g wi th t h e OSI.

LINCOU,J La.PAZ

Head of De pt o f ,.rath ematic s

•
NW 91526

o p .,-... i
INCIDENTS OF 17 FEBHULP..Y AUD 27 .:..LHCi-I:
In each r; f t;rn.. se in cir,o:-1 ts t he foll.)wing 'lesc:ri pti-:" !1 ar,pli es :
a.
Co l e r
c.
C,i,,sis t ency _- :.pp::-.rcntly s t• ii-l. , but f:i. :;i;d 1_)le ,
"="'c "l' "ap.: r r) r sm-c~1,ce ·c r ~ J..
Di.('!
0
;1.pps;;.rad tc ::>e self .. lum:i.11ous _. ::.net the rary:i.r. ·: ·,···,l •
of flight :,.r_c!. c.'w.q;·1 s c, f pc s :..i:J::.on 0:1.u ss.'C ac r,}n1-c: ~
e ithe r a.cgr~e ;:,r c o1or o-f emi ttr:cl lip:'rc- ,
d.
Lurni n c,sity
0.
Flii_;ht - Both 1'b.jccts per f·vnned""•n.rious..,mru:ieuvo:r s -, _c ::,n~is1 iui-; (•?
clim!)ir~l~ u•,d divinf , with turnii:1g mov-,.,mi:.'Il·:;:; . ,_
h.
Lo c 2ti 0n - 1'ha 1'7 Febr·.,c.rJ incic'l-1:-t w::-.s ) '.;ser":'cd- fr::m th« a.t·,,,:·.
J~lbvq·..1E:: ryu0 ~ H,.:;w ,.it·:>.:i..00 .
T!,c 27 :{~.i:•ch ,)t,nr ,R:t;i11uf. ·-:;
m.r~de f r ~m ti10 Tt~ c·~!rrH ~£tr i - C! l c;ri ~ ar J·'.. .
i.
Cou::-so - The 17 Fcb;:-u13-.-y ob jer,t _e.p pearod t ,J mov J f r r;rrc \✓t;.; s·0 ·;,, ..:.,f'.: •
thRt o f 27 L,.l- ·•':l: :tr( m ea.s,..t-- t 0 wost .
k.
Remarks
In tiacl, cn s e , reports. indic ate.d tht. t. the -- .:j_t>-~;·i. !" :· _r, rf,,;.
r-s ound co r nar-s' i n..._itexti..c:;i;l, ma.nou~ r.s= .rath e1.· t 'l,,n :3·:1 . • • ,,
a r.-.iund e:s- w6u,li o. r ftirt o!J ject• . I n ne i ther c. lS<'' di:i
i r.vesti--[•a:t::i:~;.,;_-i;rc~d~ 6-!lY. evid.cng.e c.f u. j c t --p:- op3l '.-;,c.
C'- r:d't L1 the a r ~a ... Gbserv.e~Jn~ e ~~b...c:J.se .._.,.c-I·e f r,t,:vi
whoss c~.-Q.i..J.ity- i~. f\.D.Qve--,...a.v;,~~~- .,.-..,
NOTE 6
NW 91526

INCIDENT OF 8 UARCH 1949 :

This i n ci dent was r eported b y an AESS Ins}?e ctor en du ty at Les A.lam-- s .
The ob j e ct - appeared t o be c.n elipti c a l , rathe r stubby, a luminum body sur-­
r e>unded or c over ed with bil l owy fl a.--ne . Tha r e may have been proj e ctions
s i milar t o stubby c or!tro l surfac es and wings , but t he observe r CL.ul c:, 'K•t
1
be sure o f this . Tha obs e rver described the cb j e ct as l ooking r a t her li , .
the pa rt of a war time German air plane f r om the c oc kpit aft . It di sappc .: .' .
behind the cl ouds . The po.th was slightly ·les c unding ; there was n o n c if e.

J

I

•

NOTE 7

NW 91526

I

/l,

797

HEADQUARTERS . SANDIA B ASE
ALBUQUERQUE . NEW MEXICO

MAR 3119~ :
REFER TO FILE No.

SBID/1
SUBJ:IDT:

Unidenti fied Fl ying Objects

TO:

The Chief
Armed Forces Special Weapons Project
P. o. Box 2610
Washington 25 , D . C•
.ATTENTION:

Chief , Intelligence & Security Di visi on
;>

1.

Reference is made to letter this Headquarters , file SBID/1 ,
dated 31 December 1948 , subject as above .
2 . Inclosed her ewith are three (3) summaries of information
from Fourth Af'mY , dated 16 March , 18 Karch , and 24 l.iarch )i949 ,
dealing ~~th the ·reports of unidentified lights appearing in the
vicini ty of Camp Hood , Texas.
3 . A conference was held at l.os .Alamos on 16 February 1949,
to consider the unnatural phenomena that have been reported . Commander
Richard l.1andelkorn represented this Headquarters at this conference .
His report of this conference as well e.s a_transcript of the minutes
of the conferenc e are attached hereto .

4 . It is request ed that these inclosures be returned to this
Headquarters for file , after they have served their purpose , inasmuch
as t hey are the only copies on hand .
FCR THS COMMANDING GENERAL :

5 Incls:
1. 1:emo, 18 Feb . 49 (SBRD- 0- 2173)

2.

3.
4.
5.

./'

sum. of Info , 24 Ear 49 w/sketch
Sum of Info , 18 ,..ar 49 w/ sketch
Ltr 17 Lar 49 (HQ.S- 4th 55? 7)
w/4 Incls
AEC Ltr 22 Illar 49 (in dup) w/Incl
( HILL-5577)

Distribution :
l A & 2A - Addressee
3A
- I~ File
4,.: & 5A - Cl Doc Lib

NW 91526

•
L
Si".'PIN/380 . 0l
1st Ind
Headquerters, Armed Forces Special Weapons Project, P.O. Box 2610,
TI'ashiagton 25, D. C. , 27 April 1949.
TO:
Commanding General, Sandia Bt1se, P. O. Box 5100, Albt:.querque, N. M.
Inclosures listed in basic communication have been noted and are
returned herewith.
FIT COIDlAND OF 1/.LJOR GEHERAL !:iICROLS:
5 Incls:
n/c
,.
NW 91526

(.

I

I

cop1 s, Scr.c

18 Fobrua.ry l94S

REPORT OF TRIP TO LOO AJ.AMOS, NEW MEXICO,. 16 FEBRUARY 1949,. BY C<ldMA.NDER
RICHARD s. MANDELKORN,. u.s.N •• RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT DIVISION,. SANDIA
BASE.

Subject,

Project "Grudge 11 •

1. On .L6 February,. a conference was held at Los Ala.mos to consider
the so-called green fireball phenomena which comnenced about 5 December
1948. The followring were present:

For Los Ala.moss
Mr. N. E. Bradbury
Mr. Marshall Holloway

Mr. Fred Reines
Mr. John Manley
Mr. Edward Teller

Mr. Elmo Morgan (AEC)
Mr. Sidney Neuber~er (Security)
Mr. Maxwell (AESS)
Mr. Hoyt

For the Fourth Army:
Major William A. Godsoe
Major Wynn

DEClASSiflEO

For the u. s. Air Force:
Captain Neef
For the University of New Mexico:
Dr. Lincoln La.Paz
For Sandia Bases
Commander Richard Mandelkorn
i . Captain Neef opened the meeting by saying that the problem was
being presented to Loa Alamos scientists in hopes that they would be able
to indicate some mode of attack on the problem and offer some explana­
tions for the phenomena observed. He stated that this question had been
classified military SECRET under the name,. Project "Grudge",. and that the
investigation was now the primary responsibility of USAF,. Air Materiel
Command,. T-i. He then turned over the discussion to Dr. La.Paz.

NW 91526

/

-
"""'!!!!11;:::::ss--C::::::::-=:::;;-~
1 _:,
I
I
Report of Trip to Los Alamos. 16 Feb 49 (Cont.)
18 February 1949
3. Dr. LaPu stated t:tat he had been assisting the Military for
the past two months at their request in the investigation of tho subject
problem. and want on with the general discussion of phenomena attending
normal meteorite fall. postulating the following important character•
istics s
a.
Random path of fall .
b.
Color and intensity variations in l ight emitted.
o.
Sound.
d.
Frightened animal s .
4. Dr. LaPaz then went on to discuss the number of observers re­
porting the subject phenomena and the diversity or their backgrounds•
including commercial airlines' pilots, military pilots. special intelligence
agents. Los Alamos personnel (Mr. Hoyt). e.nd himself, as well as various
and sundry previously uninformed citizens.
5. Dr. LaPaz then described the "Starvation Peak Incident" which he
observed himself• detailing the following characteristics which indicate
that the phmomenon can not be classified as a normal meteorite falls
a. Initial bright light (no period of intensity increase} and
constant intenRity during the duration of the phenomenon.
b.
Yellow-green color (about 6,200 angstroms).
c.
Essentially horizontal path.
d.
Trajectory tra.versed at constant angular velocity.
e.
Duration about two seconds.
r. No accompanying noise.
6. Since about 5 December 1948. there have been more than ten in­
cidents analogous to the "green fireball" described, and some twehty more
presenting minor deviations to the above. which should be oonsiderod in
connection with them. In addition. there have been a number of normal
shooting stars and meteors observed.
7. There ensued a general discussion in which it was brought up that
the majority of the observers whose reports were here under consideration
were not subject to previous psychological infiuences or prior knowledge
as to what they should look for. Furtherr.iore. •seeing.. conditions for
meteor observation throughout the continental United States were at least
NW 91526

•

I

(

Report of Trip to Los Alamos., 16 Feb 49 (Cont.)

18 Febr1:1ary 1949

average during December., January., and February., yet no green fireballs
have been reported in any other areas. They seem.ad to be confined to the
Los Alamos, Las Vegas., and Vlest Texas triangle.
8. Mr. Teller then took over the discussion and s howed that a
material object travelling with the velocity of the subject phenomenon
(about eight miles per second) would have to have a mass of about twenty
grams, assuming all the kinetic energy could be converted to light, under
the assumption that the light output is in the vicinity of 10
ergs per
second. He then went on to show that the shock wave produced by the
passage of an object or these dimensions or greater passing through the
atmosphere at a height of eight to ton miles (the observer fi£ures) with
a velocity of eight miles per second would produce a loud noise easily
audible ten kilometers from the source. No sound has been observed.
Therefore, Mr. Teller has the tentative opinion they are not material
objects passing through the air. We should look to electronios and
optics for an explanation rather than in the field of hydrodynamics. In
any event., it was apparently agreed by those present that it -was almost
incredible that a large object such as a guided missile or informer
vehicle could pass through the atmosphere at a height of eight miles at
a velocity of seven to eight miles per second without producing a loud
noise wnich would have been audible to observers. Mr. Bradbury demurred
so far as the electronic explanation was concerned, saying if it were assumed
that the answer lay in t hat region, many more difficult problems would have
to be solved.
9.

The following aotion seems in order:

a . Recalculation of the data outlined by Mr. Teller with a more
accurate treatment to verify his tentative conclusions.
b. The establishment of woll-equipped and organized observation
stations to give as thorough photometric and photographic coverage as is
possible in the geographic area involved.
c. Assuming that Mr. Teller's theories are borne out by re­
calculation, declassification of the .Project to permit participation and
thinking by scientists tnroughout tho country.
10. Dr. Le.Paz and Captain Neef have fruitlessly attempted to obtain
information from a ?ll8teorite observers' group now at Vlhite Sands, said to
be performing work under contraot for the Navy. Commander Mandelkorn
offered to assist them in their endeavor to enlist the servicos of the
group for observntions in connection with Project "Grudge".
11. Conclusions It is my belief that these phenomena, •particularly
if there are any further incidents., a.re deserving of serious consideration
•See next page.

NW 91526

•

(

Report of Trip to Los Alamos, 16 Feb 49 (Cont.)

18 Febr~ary 1949

until their source and meaning have been sntiefactorily explained.
Although Mr. Teller's discussion tends to disprove the hypothesis that
guided missiles or informer vehicles are responsible, thero is cause
for concern of the continued occurrences of unexplainable phenomena of
this nature in the vicinity of sensitive installations.

•Captain Neef reports blue fireball visible from Sandia at 0530, 17
February 1949, end a yellow-orange cigar-shaped light at 1759, visible
until 1806, 17 Fobruary.

/s/ Richard Manaelkorn
RICHARD UANDELKORN,
Commander, U.S.N.
Copy Furnisheds
Fourth Army, G-2 -- Major Willio.m A. Godsoe (2)
USAF -- Captain Neef
USAF FOFAE -- Brig. Gen. Howard G. Bunker
Distribution:
Series B.
Copy 1 -- Security and Intelligence Division, Sandia Base.

- 4 NW 91526

. . ..
DATE

PREPARING OFFICE

SUBJECT

OF INFORMATlilN:

OF SOURCE:

tJ!rasual Lights
452.1 AD.DB

COMPLETELY REllABLE
USUALLY RELIABLE . .
FAIRLY RELIABLE . .
NOT USUALLY RELIABLE
UNRELIABLE . . . .
RWABILITY UNKNOWN

.
• ••
. • • • •
• ••••
• • • • •
• • • • •
. . . . •

A

8
C
D
E
F

CONFIRMED BY, OTHER SOURCES
PROBABLY TRUE . . . . • .
l'OSSIBLY TRUE . . . . • .
DOUBTFULLY TRUE . . . . .
I MPROBABLE • . . . . . .
TRUTH CANNOT BE JUDGED . .

.
.
.
•
.
.

. I
• Z
. 3
• 4
. 5
. 6

SUMMARY OF INFOftMATION

The following int0l"llat1on baa been reoe1Ted in a report from tbe Otfioe ot
. the AC of ; a-2, Headquarters 2d Armorec1 Divia1on, Ceap Hood, Tema1
On 1ai947 March 1949, tour unidentitled lights appeared in tbo T101nit7 of

915.26 • 855. 19, the li&bte not1oed at tbio ti1:1• were .three yellow and one red.
A patrol ot ltilleen Bo.se, 1n the • Q• Area not1oed two ot tbeae ll&bta. A patrol
locate4 on Croamlle Mountain, which consisted ot tour enlisted men or the Aler1J
Foroa saw tour•. Icmediate lmeetiption 1n tbe pneral area railed to reveal a'lf7
cause or ~bing whioh would indicate that aoma J"ireon or tbbg had been in tba
area.
(B-J)
(... Exhibit I, Poat 11)

A~ 18{ch> March 1949, another 79Uow light•• seen 1n tbl approx.1.aaate
viof.nity ot 910.41 - 855. 10. 'lbie ligb.'b was repo~ eeen b7 onl,1' oni, man.
1'b9re • • no indication from reporta tbat. :these lights were moving, tbare • • no
notoe, and tbe peraons reporting were unable to make an eetilllate ot the beie}lt.
(B-3)
(see Exhibit I, Point 2)
.lt v/i.947 March 1949, what appeared tQ be blinking 11gbta appaare4 1n· tba
d0Wt7 or the Rook Quarr7, located at 905.82 • 855. 61. Imeat1gat1on by tha
Alert Force and patrol.9 ot gUJ.een Base f'ail.ed to re-nal any- cause or person in
that general area. Again at J.81955 l\larcb 1949, lights were seen 1n thie general
aft&.
(D-3)
(aeo Exhibit I, PolAt #3)

At 19':xu.s March 1949, blinking l1gbta were eeen in the 8all8 general area
90S. 82 - 855.61. InTaat1ga:t1on tailed to 1"'8wal tbe cause or these lights.
All o~ t.ba llghta which appenred in tbe proxblttr ot 905. 82 • 855. 61 were e•n
by patrols located 1n tb9 • Q• Area and were eeen t'.rom i:ointa between 910• .20 85,.36 am 905. 44 - sss.u. cs-,>
(.,.. &1cblb1t 1, Point fJ4)
Oaptaia Eorace MoCullocb, Headquartere 2d Areorec! 1>1da1on, and Mr. Bayacmd
Soblidieke, Special A.gent, Killeen &ae, epent sneral boure 1roCl an observation
point located in the • • Area la an att.lllpt to eee tbeee bl1nk1ng llghtat.

nx
asOSAJ co, AI:C, 1gbt-Patteraon AFBJ co, Sandia Base; rBI SantexJ
_,,
~x, nrtland il'BJ ru..
,
wo 568
DISTRIBUTION

·AGOFORII

NW 91526

'tr ..
0
0
d
(\)
.0)
0
0.
lO
0
m 850.00
TANK DESTROYER
SCALE
CENTER
I: 62,500
FIRST
NW 91526
CAMP
EDITION
-
870.00
HOOD , TEXAS
1943

.,.
.,,
.
roh 1949
F INFORMATION
pdfflcemot the AC ot s. G-2. B
dquarter■ Fourth Amy. Fort
Houston. Tua•
CODE FOR USE IN INDIVIDUAL PARAGRAPH EVALUATION
SUBJECT
OF INFORMATION:
OF SOURCE:
UIUSUAL LICl!TS
(452. 1 AlCADB)
COMPLETELY RELIABLE
USUALLY RELIABLE . .
FAIRLY RELIABLE . .
.
.
.
•
A
. • . • • B
. . • • • C
NOT USUALLY RELIABLE . • • • . D
UNRELIABLE . . . . . . . . . E
RELIABILITY UNKNOWN . . • . . F
CONFIRMED BY OTHER SOURCES
PROBABLY TRUE . . . . . .
POSSIBLY TRUE . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
DOUBTFULLY TRUE . . . .
IMPROBABLE . . . . . .
TRUTH CANNOT BE JUDGED .
SUMMARY OF INFORMIITJOII
light moving "Ughta• appeared in the atmoaphen over or in the 'rlcinit7
ot the "Q" area. AFSU. Camp Hood. Tua• • on -th• evening ot 17 Karch 1949.
At the t
of these sightings. the alert gm.rd ot the 2nd Armored Division.
under the Aa ■i■tant AO 01' s. G-2 of Camp Hood. waa in the area oonoemed and
a ot ele-n.tion and azimuth.
prepared to tire fl res and record instrument rea
!he purpoae • • to oheck the ponrs of observation of obseMff■ who had
d heretofor
previou■ ly reported the phenomena observed on 6-7-8 llaroh 1949
reported in Sumnary of Intormatian. thia headquarte r■ • dated 17 Ila.rah 1949.
1ubjeot1 "Unuaual Li ta . " Howeffr. baton thia peration oould be begun.
the aerie ■ ot 8 \Dlusual "lighta" appeare
Ooordinat
of light■ and time of sighting toll
Ooordinatea
I
TiM
..
6.
e.
910.40 - 855 .14
1952
910.39 - 860. 13
1958
910.42 - 860.14
19.58
910.38 - 860. 15
2000
910.32 - 855.20
2000
910.30 - 855.17
2010
910.36 - 855. 06
~
910.37 - 855.35
2152
::, . OECLASSW[O
Ooordimtes nre baaed on dual sightings ot ach light by aighta on tanka
• olooked at in■ tant of sighting. Captain JloOullougb.
T:lm
the AHi■tant G-e. personally observed three of the light■ • Hlysioal character­
thoae reported
i1tio■ of tile•• "light•" were reported as "quite different" fr
on 7-8 Ma.rob 1949. One burst into a green cluater. One • • reddi•h• anoth r
white . One obsener deacribed 1cme ot them a1 similar to Very Pistol flares .
1le thia phenomena •occurring. a security detachment frm. the "Q" ar
arri d 1n the vioinity_ot the alert crew frm. the 2nd Armored Diviaion.
•ot obaernrs.
DISTRIBUTION
u . • • GOH'.I.NIIICNT P■ UtT IN& or,1cE
NW 91526
16--683. .1
1
2
3
4
5
6

PREPARING OFFICE
ttioe ot tu A
CODE FOR USE IN INDIVIDUAL PARAGRAPH EVALUATION
SUBJECT
OF INFORMATION:
OF SOURCE:
COMPLETELY RELIABLE
USUALLY RELIABLE . .
FAIRLY RELIABLE . .
NOT USUALLY RELIABLE
UNRELIABLE . . . .
RUIABILITY UN KNOWN
vaJSUAL LIGB!I
(452.1 ilADI)
•
•
•
•
A
B
C
CONFIRMED BY OTHER SOURCES .
PRO~ABLY TRUE . . . . . . .
POSSIBLY TRUE . . . . . . •.
.
.
.
I
2
3
D
.
4
E
DOUBTFULLY TRUE . . . .
IMPROBABLE . . . . . .
TRUTH CANNOT BE JUDGED .
.
• • .
.
.
.
.
• •
• • •
• ••
. • •
.
.
.
. F
.
SUMMARY OF INFORMATION
ft -.. :thjJl dninwaed that no one iii tu •Q• area wa■ 1po.uibl • for the
, ~. •Q• area th.a wnt on a l ert atatua. Ordnanoe oheok baa 1ho'im that
y et pyrowehm• m all• ha■ bNJl 1ana4 or uae4 in aontu.
nothing iJt. tu
Ilnw~tioa of whole ana by" pielm4 vna 1• being • - and aclditio•l
report■ will be rtilidencl. u 1D the -■• ot the 6-7!'!'8 ».roh •11gh'ta. • tho•• ot
~ 17th 9braokn" 1m8 •Q• an&e 0. gl'Oup of 3 lighta being Jforth ot the
ana and em group of 5 11 :ta ju■t South of the ana. Over lay ~ loeatiou
i■ atta•cle
(.axHIBI T I)
hderal Bare&u of Ime ■tigatio~ San Antom.o. taa■ • Oftioe of Bt.w.l
InteW geDN. San. Antomo. Tua• • h&Te beu. notifi •cl• Direotor of Intel lig•noe1
Air Mt.t•rl.•1 Oamnan4; Ottioe ot Speoial In:ri1tig&tiou. 11rt~ Ur Foroe Bl.H J
and uaaa.n~ Generai. Sandia Ba.••• are on distribution of thia Summary.
DISTRI BUTIOII
PII , SantexJ on, Sante:i:1 DI, GSUSAJ oo. AllOJ OSI, ltirtla.nd UBJ 00, 8aDd1&
le
WD 1 JUN 47 5 6 8
·AGO FORM
U, I , ~YQNIIIUT ... INTINCi Ol'FICI:
NW 91526
10--633sf0-1
5

~
I
z::::;;:::::
TANK DESTRuD.!R c1..,·r.ER, c.1.ViP Hov.J, TEX.i\.S
SC..:.LE:
1:62500
(Firs6 Edition 1~43)
0
(\J
(Y';
865
II)
'C.l
~
><
0
0
0
(!"'I
850000 Y~rds
0
<""
NW 91526

lp2. l AK.t\DB
StJBJEC!•
1'0•
U.iwnal 1.1.~ti
COlilnaniW,Sg Ge:::tenll
Sandia Daso
P. O. Box 5100
Al~rqua. 5ow l1n::lco
Afflh AC at s. o-e
~ attaohltd SU1:1:11r:, of Info.maticm, this ottice, subject a.a
I.bow• 16 Uarob 1949, re '1'8ports o£ "lighttt" observed owr Comp Ilood.
~ . 1a 1'orwardad in duplicate f'f)r your lnton&ation and a:xy i.\c'ticm
daemed,ne.,eaa17•
.FOR '1'HB COl!llA.liDinG GElranAL-s
EUSTIS L. POLAliD .
ColmUJl. GSO
AC~ S, 0-2
1 Incl (dup)
Ae ata:ted. ../.mtIBI'tS 1, II.
III~ e.ncl lV
tp:n -.
NW 91526

DAT£

SUMMARY OF INFORMATION

16 March 1949

PREPARING OFFICE

Oti"ioe ot the AC ~ s. o-2. Hoadquartor■ V· urtb A:r,q. Fort Saa Rouston. 'l'aaa
CODE FOR USE IN INDIVIDUAL PARAGRAPH EVALUATION

SUBJECT

OF SOURCE:
COMPLETELY RELIABLE
USUALLY RELIABLE . .
FAIRLY RELIABLE . .
NOT USUALLY RELIABLE
UNRELIABLE . . . •
RELIABILITY UNKNOWN

tlnuiWLl Lif#lta

452•1 AD.DD

OF INFORMATION:
.
, •
• • • •
• • • •
. . • •
.

.

.

.

• A
• B
• C
• D
. E·
. F

CONFIRMED BY OTHER SOURCES
PROBABLY TRUE . . . . . •
POSSIBLY TRUE . • • . • •
DOUBTFULLY TRUE . • • • •
IMPROBABLE . . . . • . •
T RUTH CANNOT BE JUDGED . .

.

.
.
. .
• .
.

.

I
2
3
4
5
6

SUMMARY OF IJIFORMATION

FoliOWlzl.g ia an interia ~ pred.ioated on requ4tat ~ ~ J'ourt.h /U'r!q

Uaiaon Ottioer at Se.nclia Ba•• tor thl■ boadqunrtier■ to 1nw■titnte and report on

•.tireball• pbenaaona reported to the Comuend1ng General, Se.ndia Ba••• by AJ'SWP
inatallatian at ~ Hood. Taaa. neport 1tated that ■noral a1ght1nga 0£ unuaual
"li t" pbencnea& in the atmoaplwre abow Site Baker (Q Ana) bad bNn -.de by
nourity pencmnol there du.ring the pffiod 6 - 8 llarah l ~• .
AT CA14P BOOD. i t • • d8termined that this type of phen<DeDIL. hitherto unnpo

1"l'Cllia the camp Hood Ana. baa the acune general cbar&oteriat1oa of th• phenanam.

obaened during the past NWral montiut ail Sandia Ba••• Beoauae obae"'8ra wore in
d11'torent looationa and &Cllle wre not certain aa to time• 1.t i• poaa1bl• tbat
obeonation report.eel within the IIIUlll9 hour on 'the aama date are da.tplioationa. I't
sh ould be n oted tba't none ot thO obaenen had been 1.natruoted to look for or
report a.ey sort ot atmo■pberlo phenanem,. AU stated wit.bout •quivooationa the.ii
they bad 118'V8r before MCL an.,-thinr; resembling the report.ad phona:iuma. All cl,aSmed
to have aeon "falling stare" nearly ewry ni{jht on the Camp Hood Reeerw.tianJ but
all were aq,hatio 1n atatlDg tha~ this phencaena w.a qu1te dU'feront. All men were
inter-ropted oepo.re.tely and had no adw.noo n otice thnt they would be qmstioned.
·At'ter the interrogation they wre taken to tho apot where the obeena.ti0ll8 had baa
naae. ~ - points 1'8re ntnbered s.nd then plotted on aap. camp Hood and vio1n1ty•
1/62 500 191"• Owrlaya haw been made am a cop;y 1• hereto attaohede The
obooner waa thon told to ala a eurt"8ying inatnanezrt. brou~t along fo-r tho purpose.
a-t the oelesticl. points of origin and or teminatioo ot the pbsncaom.. Vertical
angles and cacnetlo aaim\l't:h ot each point was then reoortt.cl. In moat cases. th9
obaerftr w.e a le t o .tlz aa1nnttha by acne terrain teaturea. Vertioal anglaa ware
of ooune ostimated exoept ,m•re elewttona ot obaenationa e101noidad With rid(;e
Oil tree lines.
Obaenatians on 6 llaroh 191.St
1.

Praa observation point '6 (aN attaohed cmtrlay)
••

Looatio.u o£ po1nta 909. 7 - 657. 5, Tlae1

2100 how-.1.

b.

•tmlra 0Teroaa t ( ■N attached 119&tber report) .

o.

tne••••

Sgt Ruben J . Viokery, AP '4932926
lat Provost Security Sq
lilleen Ba.•· Camp Hood. raaa
Plo Jolm c. RaneClll.LAP 15252814
1ft Provost Seourivy 8

DISTRJBUTIOH

WO 1·AGOJUNFORM47 56 a

NW 91526

•
I
aiibirs l '
Shlipe1 Oblong
Siae, Dltaori.bed u ;ttabaut e tt by l tt•
Colort i.l.e blue-whito 11~
Sped, Bot known
l'Jinotia1u Pr-ca 11 74° W to• 81°
nwrab111ty1 Bo &nla'ticm traa oOIU"H
Altitude, PrGl 6° abow horlzcm to h5• abow
Sotm.41
ROM
Bll:baut 1:rall, Sgt 11ckery reports no•• Pio RtllllCD ~ortod
a faint plilkiab. Nd trail a:tendi.11.g abouii tiu"ee tSJiea tha
~ o f ' i h • ~•
2.
Ftm bbattl!'W.t1on point ,(/,1 (IIM attaohed Oft1'lal')•
••
Looation ot point,
914.:, - a,5.7, TS-1
About 2020 houn.
b • .._there Owroan (Me att..cbed 1M&1:her repon).
o.
li1t21NHB1
P"l't Ylrt1n • ~ . DS 57~5
l,2n4 AD. CcnparJ7 A
Cantp Hood, Tuit.a
PYt Prank: (&I) IA.d.al. t18 ffl0011>7
)J2AIB. ~ A
Qla»HoCHt. 1'ua8
4.
Objoct slghteda
~I
1
Ball lllr;e tlaah
Slaea Loob4 Ub bollkctbaU
Oolort Pale bl~tEt Uc;ht
Sh.ape a
8,peff 1 Bo-t 1cnOIID
Directiona K ll)O B
~ b i l t . - t y • lone • s a "£1:nd flaah11
A1t1tud4ta 590 abow hol'izGD
S0'2Ddt Kone
Exhauat tail,
cme
2
<
SEC?.£T
NW 91526

8/1. 01'ttoe o:t thli AC ot s. o-2. • ~ Fourth i:r,q. Fort, s.a Bou.aton. ,--...
16 Ila.Nb 19l9. n1:tj. " ~ Ught,i"
,.
l'NII obuna'l1on poln-t fl3 (... attii.ohtld owrlay) •
••
LooitiGIU 'Sn4. 5 - 856.).,s
'1'i.lM1
About 2Q45 houne
OW:roaat (. . . attaohN watbilr nport).
••
tDNu
ht Harold D. Uoore, 'OB 67410066
~ d AIB. Compa.117 A
CUip Hood, l'--..
a. Objeot aigbwda
lblber, 1
Bb&pta Roundiab head with tr&ll
ss.. ., About 100 ln 1 ~
COlor1 L191t ooloNd haa4---# orange tr&ll
6~1 Bot knOltD
I>tnotiozu Fraa s 81° to 6 «JO
111.nM&wtabllityt Io drn.atian b'CJiA ooune
Altltwli9a Fraa 21° aboft hortaon ta 6° ,1• a'bow
lam
Blbauat trula Orange trail abou1J 100 l.ong
!R.alark:81 Appeared to be coing owr Q area
Scnmdt
ObHrw:tiou on 7 MILroh 1949•
1.
Pl'Clll obeer.tion point 41 (aoe attached owrlay)
••
'b. ._there
o.
914.3 - 855. 7 I Tlllila 0115 houri.
loaatum.1
Wltn.Ha
Cloaz- (... attaolwd ,..t.h•r ~ r t ) .
Pfo .Robfft. ~ Blaolc, US 57ll2155
~ AU, Ccape.iiy A
Camp Hood, , . . .
4.
Objeot •ightedt
Mil•ra
l
Shape,
Lib t'laah bulb
S1N t Pl&ih bulb
Color, Brilliant bluit4blw
8pM41 Jfo:De
D1reot1<11U N J$jO B _
Jllneuwrab1lit;y,
lone t'iDd l'l.Uh
Alt:ltwle I 66° 15 t abne hOl'laOD
8ouncl1
1fcme
lllbau.at vai1a
NW 91526

(U) ....,._, ThU obternr 1D
mlk ~ and el.Matlcm
Hen ~ :Uk• this
anena.
2.
J'na obffn&t1on point
a.
ore.
(aee attnabed owrlay).
U>ont1onr 915. 1 - 6,6. lJ f1m6 r OU5 • 01,0 houra.
la.
thor1
Cl.ear (ne attaolwd weather ~ol"t).
••
tne■■ t
pyt Paul c. emnt. u s ~
1,2n4 AID. cc.p,,19 A
c-p
• f'naa
a. Objeot ai~tcd,
:Umber, 1
Shape. Like tli.-11 bulb
:31a• a Baaketball
color, lrS.gb.t b l ~ t e
8pee4a
one
B 16° ff
euwrab111~• llone••.fixod .fl,qh
Alti:tum, '!7° ,O• a.bow horUoa
Di.Notion,
somiaa
llam
am.uat tn.ilt Ii'one.
3.
Pim obsenatian point 45 (... •ttaobecl owrky) .
a.
LDoatio1u 9~.6 - 656.71 timot Ol~ • 0200 houra.
b. n.tner,
o.
Clear (... attaob.ed 1N&t.her report) .
tnea..11 Pit :Franoeaca (r.MI) Lenal'do. us !m,75QJ..o
~ d AID, 00!JlpAny A
ca::ap Hood. tama
.
M Savino • Dlp, US 57175036
t,2na AID, ~ A
Ca.~ S ood, tea.a
ct.
Objeot atr,iteas
tbiber:, 1
Shape a n,.11 11b flash
s1. ., Lia l'l&lih bulb
Color,
luiah lihite
NW 91526

~ · lot laiotm
~ - • 820°W
~wn.blUt)?t l l ~ c l tllish
.lltitudea 260 &bO'ft hori&Oll
Sound•
Honii
lllhauat trail•
4.
Kcmt
Pr.a obaerw.tion point ~ (N• attaobed o--..rla7)
9Q9. 0 - 856.9, Timiit 0145 hoW'W.
••
t.ooations
1:t.
W...1:hert Olear (... at-taabed ww.ther l"!l)On).
o.
taeae, Pfo Ja:a DJ.~ Vanlow, A7 15416997
lat
OTon S.ourit"y Bq
c.iap Hood, Tea•
l!lm'bera 1
~ * !Ml'dhip •
Sisea •About 2 ft by 1 n;•
Color, Orange
SP"d, a Rot known
Dinoticms Jr 600c B
~wrabili"1'1 lJo diena'l.1cm
Altituoa 4 when: tint .._-dropped wl"tl•U,t
Bound, ....
:Blhaut trail, lone
ReliarkaJ Witm•• aaid Vii■ nur)lt" dropped wrtioally to
ground -.n<l d1•pJ>41&Nd bobind trMa 4inotly ln Lront of h.1m.
Inn• "about 2 aeoon&s. "
ftiail obier,ation po!nt
l
(He attaohe4 overlay).
••
LDoatimu
914. , - 855.7, ~ • About 0;1.()3 houra.
b.
..._thera
Clear (ne attaobea weather Nport}.
••
!ffi:bNa
PR Qlarlie B. P4,ne.1 llS 572U002
q2:nd AIB, ~ .A
Oeap Hood, !ea.a
5
NW 91526

lblibil"I

1

Sna,., Boundi■h head '.W1th haiy moke trail•
SiN• Not known
\}olor1 Pa le 'Jlt-.ite light o.t boad
Speed, fiot known
Direot1ona FrOCl S 58° :S to 8 54° 1i
~ n . b l l i t y t .Ro dinlation
.Utitucwa
r011L ,so a.b0ff :nori&Oll to 54o abcmt
SO\liMlt ffl>D9
Bxb,a.uat traUc Lett ba&y white amok.-. trail
~ • • Ttafflled 1h arQ Md 'risible "long eno\~ to
9,Dap your .i'inceni ."

a.

l'NIII obHnatiCJ111 point f4 (... at11Lcbed owrlay).

914.6 • 856,71 !rimes tAboat 010,.

••

LOca.tion1

b.

ee:thert Cl-.r (... attaohed wather report),

•• mtneau Cpl :wite ~ Siiilli. BA ,87531.,46
Oanp~ A, ~ d AID

ca.p 1lood, 'tfl&a

a. Objeot aight.d.1
lblbert 1
Sha~a L1N1on m.th -tail
Sia• I lot known
Colors !>ale reddillh no••• ,m.itieh nd trail
8i,,ei I

not known, buil ...ry i'a■t

Direotlecu PTaa Jf 56° l1 to S 64° W
~uvorab1UV• l~ deviation
Altitude I Frail 15 a ow horiaon at be,si:iming and end uf a.ro.
Sounds !(one
E:11:baua't trail t lh1tiah l'$d trail
Rearka• Good obaoner. Stated -that "light"•~ t'r<a
point r..bow horizon then arced upwar4 and dCIIIIIID to 15° when :l1:
d18&ppeare4. Tfae perteot a.ro. R• w.a able to run 10 p,..otta
toward tiold telephone to !'!Port lit,ht before l't wniiMde

!bi t o ~ inoidllnt m.y or -.y not l» oormeoted1 .lt abO\ft 1930 hotir9 on
oit..ng about the Q Area i"enoe line rwar 'tb9
a.ii" atr!p• I t o
d not be told by th• ob9et"Wr whether the light wu within or

7 lll\Nh 1~1 a 11.aahllght waa eeen

6
NW 91526

Th» Seourlty Oftloer of Gito Bu::er ls lliwati
1-h• lJ.dit ,.. not Ni'riecl by u_y or the :AFSUP ~raonnal.

wtt.boa t.lie .tem..

tlng.

He ■tat.a

lm'lt•tigaUon cont.Sm•■ iJl an ettol"t to determine caun ot the lighu." J.Ait
lntomatiOll la that ~ "trip flan• ha-.. bMr2 ut into the ~ n l . an& l?)" tJ»
2114 ~ Division and that ■ale may ha~ been aet o~f by idld. animal■• Subae­
~ , • ~ 111dll be renCS.J"N. -.mn nore exuct eY.ldenoe on t l ana :i■ obtaiDN. I~
1• p ~ known., owner., that th••• £lane explode on the ,;rou:n4 and do not
lthoot into Ute Ur.
lo eonolwsion le drawn l"rcm ttie data on a:ttaohed owrlay other 1tian w now
~ , :the nllc)'lta" t'orm a l"'Ough olrole about the "Q• A,-. Copy of l'W"flaee --.ther
obaenatS.oaa tc,r CIUlp Rooct on the 6, 7, and 8
roh 1949 aN attaohol u a poenblAt
alcl li ant.'1918. rtd.1 NpOr.t oowra cnly &ty houra ■1noe th• 'lJSAJ' • th.er ..,.-.t•
at ~ Hood i0l0Ha at l"IQO hour:s Md opona at 0730 bou.r-9.

a:EIIIt l - OWrla.7. 7am: Deetr-oyer 0.nter, camp nooa, Texaa
BlHIBlt IItbv ilepon. 6 llal'Oh 1 ~.. IJcap Hood, Texa■
BmIBIT III - t1atber Report, 7 llllroh 1~,, (:mi;p Hood, hxu
BIBIBXT IY ther Rel)9d,- 8 !lu-oh 1.91,9, ~ Hood., rexaa

)
NW 91526

Cl
LENGTH
OF
OBSERVATION
POINT
TO
RAY
LINES
DOES NOT
POINT
TO
OBJECT .
OBJECT
IS·
UNKNOWN .
INDICATE
DISTANCE
DISTANCE FROM
z
9
FROM
OBSERVATION
7 MAR
{\)
:z
-
O')
86S
0
~
6 MAR_.
GRE
RED
ESlr,II ATE
II
II
6
l94
7 MARCH 1949
R
t. ...
II
b-'
8
-
~ MOVING
1°W
ELEV 21°
~
:.~
.,,,,.
-:-= ;;-c:>
=
I
OBLONG
FIRE
BODY
WITHOUT
BODY
WITH
... ,
TRAIL
FIXED FLASH
MOVING FIRE BALL
MOVING
OBLONG
FIRE
TRAIL
I. 0.- INITIAL OBSERVATION
TO -TERMINAL OBSERVATION
6 MAR
7 MAR
TANIC DESTROYER CENTER
CAMP HOOD• TEXAS
SCALE
1112. 900
FIRST EDITION
1943
LINES AS SHOWN ON OVERLAY HAVE BEEN
MAGNETIC TO GRID AZIMUTH.
~~
L
()\
CONVERTED FROM
NW 91526
~o
..

a

WYCVELIC LO @BID WSIWNLH [ie
TiME2 V2 2HOMU OU OF HYAE BEEV) COWAEKLED 1.KOW
Libel EDILIOU toe? i

e@cvre = H@S" 200 |

LO—LEBWIMYT OSE BALION
(O-—WILIVT OBBEHAVLION

: : } 5
bOI, LO OBTECL 12 AAKVONM 3 eT ele aS, ee
OB2EWAULION BOIL LO OBIECL: Dia i LKOW OB2EBAVLION
rew@iH OF wm riMee DOES MOL WmoeME DieLWCE BOW

}
j
}

ys S avr. AIR NEATHER® SERVICE
"SURFACE WEATHER OBSERVATIONS —

Tine entien om tte tore oo 56 US AF, AIR |WEATHER SERVICE
We comet wect (0)
POT, 1 SPS _. ve SURFACE WEATHER OBSERVATIONS
STATHER Amo
omar mucrons - [wero g MEmAnes Amo SUPRLEWENTA

sunon Def 2Y¥-2?
US AF AIR WE|ITHER SERVICE
von Marsh 01 FP vise YF
SURFAGE WEATHER OBSERVATIONS a $82 I9" om PLO OF
8$$88R8
Ske
SK Py
£LZ4
$8, 7
F%
Ay, For, 66, 6
8 S8R
MNXN .
9386566568,
4 Lay2te 62) 0
bas c [oy 240 6y,/
< gr
SS
6
S8 8SR6
a